农产品供应链优化及质量安全监管博弈分析

发布时间：2018-12-15 22:19

【摘要】：由于经济的不断发展,农产品生产、采购模式正面临两方面的转变：一方面,人们随着生活水平的快速提升,对农产品的需求变得越来越高。近几年“农超对接”的逐步开展,使得农产品直接进入零售商(在我国,主要涉及连锁超市,便利商店等)的势头越来越猛,极大方便了市民生活,提升了零售商的人气和销量,也有效增加了农民收入,但随之而来也面临许多问题,例如,农产品的损耗、库存成本较高、激烈的市场竞争等问题,一直成为零售商农产品销售面临的棘手难题。另一方面,现代家庭结构的变化使消费者对农产品服务的要求也不断提高,消费者正在形成一种“不只关注基本效用,而且更加关注食品安全”全新的消费观念。因此,研究如何控制损耗来确定农产品供应链的最优订购以及食品安全问题具有重要的理论与现实意义。首先,本文针对农产品实体损耗一直困扰着零售商经营这一难题,从农产品优化视角出发,研究了由单零售商和单供应商组成的农产品订购问题。在零售商一次提前订购基础上,分别建立了供应商一次供货和二次供货模型。经比较得到,二次供货增加了最优订购量,并有效提高了供应链成员的最大期望利润。由于加大存储设备投入在目前我国零售商经营管理中很难在短期内实现,因此二次供货对于解决农产品实体损耗具有极大地可操作性,研究结论对我国进一步深入“农超对接”具有一定的指导意义。其次,本文从农产品质量安全视角出发,构建了一个“政府-生产企业”农产品质量安全监管博弈模型。根据我国现实国情,针对政府不同监管模式,采用演化博弈理论建立复制动态方程,并对其进行了稳定性分析,得到：生产企业是否采取违规行为主要由三方面因素控制,即违规惩罚力度、第三方监管力度与监管成功率,三个要素相辅相成,缺一不可；政府部门若能在演化博弈过渡时期审时度势、分阶段实施不同措施,就可以有效遏制企业的违规行为。通过以上的研究,为进一步解决我国农产品问题提供一些政策建议。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy, the production and purchasing mode of agricultural products are facing two changes: on the one hand, with the rapid improvement of living standards, the demand for agricultural products becomes higher and higher. In recent years, with the gradual development of "Agricultural Super-docking", the direct entry of agricultural products into retailers (in our country, mainly involving supermarket chains, convenience stores, etc.) has become more and more fierce, and has greatly facilitated the lives of citizens. It has increased the popularity and sales of retailers, effectively increased farmers' income, but also faced many problems, such as the depletion of agricultural products, high inventory costs, fierce market competition, and so on. It has been a difficult problem for retailers to sell agricultural products. On the other hand, with the change of modern family structure, consumers' demand for agricultural products service is also increasing, and consumers are forming a new concept of "not only paying attention to basic utility, but also paying more attention to food safety". Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study how to control losses to determine the optimal ordering of agricultural product supply chain and food safety. Firstly, in view of the problem that the entity loss of agricultural products has been puzzling retailers, this paper studies the ordering problem of agricultural products composed of single retailer and single supplier from the perspective of agricultural product optimization. On the basis of one advance order, the model of primary supply and secondary supply are established respectively. Through comparison, it is found that secondary supply increases the optimal order quantity and effectively increases the maximum expected profit of supply chain members. Since increasing the investment of storage equipment is difficult to realize in the short term in the management of retailers in our country, the secondary supply has great maneuverability to solve the entity loss of agricultural products. The research conclusion has certain guiding significance to our country's further development of "Agricultural Chao docking". Secondly, from the perspective of agricultural product quality and safety, this paper constructs a game model of "government-production enterprise" agricultural product quality and safety supervision. According to the actual situation of our country, according to the different supervision mode of the government, the dynamic equation of reproduction is established by evolutionary game theory, and the stability of the equation is analyzed. It is concluded that whether the production enterprise adopts the illegal behavior is mainly controlled by three factors. That is, the punishment of violation, the third party supervision and the success rate of supervision, the three elements complement each other, which is indispensable; If the government can judge the situation in the transitional period of evolutionary game and implement different measures in stages, it can effectively curb the illegal behavior of enterprises. Through the above research, to further solve the problem of agricultural products in China to provide some policy recommendations.
【学位授予单位】：浙江工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F322;F326.6

【共引文献】