论《我是猫》对“文明开化”的批判

发布时间：2018-02-01 17:29

本文关键词： 《我是猫》文明开化知识分子资本家　出处：《吉林大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：夏目漱石被看作明治以后日本文学上“最伟大的文学者”，，在日本文坛的地位首屈一指。日本以及世界各国的文学者都对“漱石文学”进行了研究。在日本建造了专门的图书馆和展览间，用以保存大量的关于夏目漱石文学的研究书籍和论文。《我是猫》是夏目漱石的处女作，并且是有名的长篇小说之一。主人的弟子·寒月，美学家迷亭，诗人东风等人的信口开河和对世俗攻击等排列，讲述了各种各样的人之间的隔阂。最后“我”落入水缸，嘴里念着南无阿弥陀佛死去。作品中通过猫“咱家”的视点，戏剧性地讽刺了珍野一家以及聚集在他们周围的朋友、门下学生们的那种“太平的逸民”的样子。本文以先行研究为基础，分析了《我是猫》的主题和思想，并且考察了其文学价值和艺术性。以作品论和作家论的资料为基础来解读夏目漱石的《我是猫》，可以看出在作品当中，明治政府以“文明开化”为口号，向失去自我的西洋化前进的状态下，人性变得淡薄、虚伪，欲望固执的恶习愈加清晰。夏目漱石试图查明明治人的精神悲剧的侧面，或者说在物质文明开化惊人进步的背后，当时日本人被强迫的精神上的悲惨。此外，《我是猫》这部作品在某种意义上，可以看出当时对社会的文明批判深化的过程。夏目漱石在《我是猫》中对把对日本近代化的思考寄托在登场人物身上，以各种各样的形式表达出来。总体看来，可以理解为：与逐步发展的西欧的稳定相比，对于差距悬殊的日本出现的不自然的急躁的担心，明确地认识到急于输入西方的成果、不断地一味模仿的陈旧弊病。本论文对小说里的登场人物的描写进行了考察以及对夏目漱石在小说中对明治时期的知识分子、政治家、资本家的讽刺和批判这一主题进行了分析。本文将围绕“文明开化”和《我是猫》的语言特色来进行论述。夏目漱石以“西方的开化是自发的，日本的开化是外发的”这一观点批判了日本的近代化。认识到日本的开化是被西方强迫的，并分析了日本的文明开化对日本社会、日本文化、日本思想带来了什么样的影响。本论文试图在把握夏目漱石生活的时代背景和作者本身的人格思想倾向的同时，通过援引相关的理论，分析登场人物，并通过对《我是猫》的主题思想的分析以及援引夏目漱石的其他的著作，进一步探讨夏目漱石在东方传统文化和西洋现代文明冲突之间，对异质文明观的批判。
[Abstract]:Natsumi Shu-shih is regarded as the "greatest literary man" in Japanese literature after Meiji. In the Japanese literary world the position is second to none. Japanese as well as the world literature people have carried on the research to "gargashi literature". In Japan has built the specialized library and the exhibition room. "I am the Cat" is the first work of Natsuke and one of the most famous novels. Master's disciple Cold Moon, the aesthetician fan Pavilion. The lines of the poet Dongfeng and others, such as the line of words and attacks on the common world, tell of the estrangement between all kinds of people. Finally, "I" fell into a water tank. Nanyu Amitabha dies in his mouth. Through the view of the cat "our Home," the works dramatically satirize the family and the friends gathered around them. The students at the bottom of the door look like "peaceful Yi Min". Based on the first research, this paper analyzes the theme and thought of "I am the Cat", and examines its literary value and artistry. It can be seen that in the works, the Meiji government "civilized civilization" as a slogan, to lose their own Westernization of the state of progress, human nature has become weak, hypocritical. The evil habit of desire stubbornness became clearer. Natsuke tried to find out the side of the Meiji spiritual tragedy, or, behind the amazing progress of material civilization, the forced spiritual misery of the Japanese. "I am the Cat" in a sense, we can see the process of deepening the criticism of the civilization of the society at that time. In "I am the Cat", the author puts his thoughts on the modernization of Japan on the personages. Expressed in a variety of ways. In general, it can be understood as an unnatural impatience of Japan's disparity in comparison with the stability of developing Western Europe. Clearly aware of the rush to import Western results. This paper examines the description of the characters in the novel and the intellectuals and politicians of Meiji period in the novel. The theme of satire and criticism by capitalists is analyzed. This article will focus on the language characteristics of "civilized civilization" and "I am the cat". This view criticizes the modernization of Japan, realizes that Japanese civilization is forced by the West, and analyzes the Japanese civilization and civilization to Japanese society and culture. This paper attempts to grasp the background of Natsumi's life and the personality tendency of the author, at the same time, by invoking relevant theories, this paper analyzes the personages on the scene. Based on the analysis of the theme of "I am the Cat" and the reference of other works by Natalie, this paper further discusses the criticism of the heterogeneous view of civilization between the traditional culture of the East and the conflict between the western and modern civilizations.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：I313.074

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