1954年华东区戏曲观摩演出大会研究

发布时间：2018-05-20 12:12

本文选题：华东区戏曲观摩演出大会 + 戏曲改革　；参考：《山东师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：1949年,中国人民共和国成立,中国的政治、经济、文化事业进入到一个时期。文化作为政治、经济的反映,从属于上层建筑,在建国初期受到中国共产党的重视。1949中国共产党在进行经济建设的同时,文化建设和对知识分子的改造工作也轰轰烈烈地展开。戏曲作为中国传统文化的重要组成部分,集审美和社会教化功能于一体。对戏曲进行改造和新的创作,使之体现人民性和现实主义,成为当时戏曲工作者的主要任务。建国之后,需要建立新的文化价值体系,尤其是需要进一步学习马克思主义,用马克思主义改造人们的思想。以党和国家认可的思想对戏曲进行改造和指导,成为戏曲进一步发展的必经之路。1951年,政务院通过了《政务院关于戏曲改革工作的指示》,其在改人、改戏、改制等方面的具体内容,为戏曲改革提出了系统的办法。改革传统戏曲,创作现代戏在全国各个剧种之间展开。1952年全国曲艺会演大会的顺利召开,为戏曲改革成果的展览与推广作出了示范。1954年,华东行政委员会文化局决定举办华东区戏曲观摩演出大会,检查4年来华东区戏曲改革的问题与成绩。以华东区戏曲观摩演出大会为切入点,研究建国前后共产党的戏曲改革政策。华东区戏曲观摩演出大会历时42天,检阅了四年来华东区戏曲工作的主要成果。会演的选拔方针以剧目为主,鼓励反映当代人民生活的现代戏的创作。会演以学习为主,除了表演以外,华东区文化局还组织各种形式的学习讨论会,推动各兄弟剧种之间相互学习。共产党对戏曲的改革在延安座谈会是就已经奠定了基调,即文艺要为斗争服务。建国后的文化改造试图在意识形态领域彻底清除封建残余。戏曲改革以揭露和批判封建专制制度,体现人民性和新时代新生活为主。文艺工作者努力学习马克思主义理论,反映斗争成为文艺工作者头上的紧箍咒。这次会演对一些戏曲过分推广,造成以后上演剧目的单调,但一部分戏曲在这次大会之后确实开启了新的历程,比如蜚声中外的黄梅戏。此外,对地方戏曲资料的发掘和整理也功不可没,总体来说,这段时间的戏曲改革是取得很大成绩的。
[Abstract]:In 1949, the people's Republic of China was founded, China's political, economic and cultural undertakings entered a period. Culture, as a reflection of politics and economy, is subordinate to the superstructure. At the beginning of the founding of the people's Republic of China, the Communist Party of China attached great importance to the economic construction of the Communist Party of China. At the same time, the cultural construction and the transformation of the intellectuals were also vigorously carried out. As an important part of Chinese traditional culture, opera integrates aesthetic and social functions. It became the main task of opera workers at that time to reform and create new opera to embody people's character and realism. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, it is necessary to establish a new system of cultural value, especially to further study Marxism and transform people's thoughts with Marxism. The reform and guidance of opera with the ideology recognized by the Party and the state has become the only way for the further development of opera. In 1951, the Council of Administration adopted the "instructions of the Council of Administrative Affairs on the Reform of Drama", which is changing people and operas. System reform and other aspects of the specific content, for the opera reform proposed a systematic approach. The reform of traditional opera and the creation of modern opera were carried out among all kinds of operas throughout the country. The successful opening of the 1952 National Quyi performance Conference demonstrated the exhibition and promotion of the achievements of opera reform. In 1954, The Bureau of Culture of the East China Administrative Committee decided to hold the East China Opera viewing and performance meeting to examine the problems and achievements of the opera reform in East China over the past 4 years. This paper studies the policy of the Communist Party's opera reform before and after the founding of the people's Republic of China. East China Opera performance for 42 days, reviewed the main achievements of the East China opera work in the past four years. The selection policy is mainly on repertoire to encourage the creation of modern drama that reflects the life of the contemporary people. In addition to performances, the East China District Cultural Bureau also organized various forms of learning seminars to promote the brothers and plays to learn from each other. The Communist Party's reform of opera set the tone at the Yan'an Forum, that is, literature and art should serve the struggle. The cultural transformation after the founding of the people's Republic of China attempted to eliminate the feudal vestiges completely in the ideological field. Opera reform to expose and criticize the feudal autocratic system, reflect the people and the new era and new life. Literary and art workers study Marxist theory, reflecting the struggle as a magic on the head of literary and art workers. This performance overpopularized some operas, resulting in the monotony of the repertoire in the future, but some of the operas did open a new course after the Congress, such as the famous Huangmei opera at home and abroad. In addition, the excavation and collation of local opera materials also contributed, generally speaking, this period of opera reform has made great achievements.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K27

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