从需求角度看我国农村金融体系的完善

发布时间：2018-01-04 03:15

本文关键词：从需求角度看我国农村金融体系的完善　出处：《西南财经大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：中国是典型的“二元经济”特征国家,农村经济作为整个国民经济体系的重要组成部分,有着举足轻重的地位。而农村金融是现代农村经济的核心,在促进农村经济发展、推进农业产业升级、提高农户生活水平等方面,发挥着至关重要的作用。改革开放以来,我国的农村金融体系历经改革,在取得成绩的同时,依然存在着不少的问题,比如尚未建立真正意义上的合作金融、农村政策性金融的缺失、商业性金融从农村地区的退出,同时伴随了农村地区的资金大量外流,严重制约了我国农村经济的进一步发展以及农业结构的转型和升级。历次改革的举措虽多,但大多是在“机构观”指导下的主要围绕正规金融机构的调整与改革,以及对于非正规金融机构的清理和整顿。改革的重心过多放在了金融机构的存在形态和隶属关系上,却忽略了现代经济条件下农村需求主体对于金融资源多元化和多层次的需求,实施的是极为典型的“自上而下”的强制路径改革,行政干预过多。改革的结果必然事与愿违,难以从根本上提高我国农村金融的效率,也难以最终满足农户和农村企业的现实需求。满足农户和农村企业的金融需求,是改革和完善我国农村金融体系的出发点,也是终极的检验标准。因此,本文从主体的需求角度出发,分析了影响我国农村金融需求的各类因素,同时在将农村金融需求按照主体和用途进行划分的基础上,对于不同主体的需求进行了细致的分析。接下来,本文对于我国当前的农村金融需求特征进行了详细的研究,同时分析了当前农村金融供给的现状,在此基础之上,得出了我国农村金融市场供求失衡的结论,并进一步揭示了原因和可能的解决办法。最后,在借鉴美国、德国和印度的优秀经验基础之上,具体结合我国实情,笔者认为走一条“自下而上”的改革之路,针对基层主体的需求进行深入细致的分析,构建多元化的农村金融组织,施以配套制度的完善,才能从根本上完善我国的农村金融体系,满足农村需求主体的现实需求,促进我国农村经济的进一步发展。
[Abstract]:China is a typical "dual economy" characteristic country, rural economy as an important part of the entire national economic system, has a pivotal position, and rural finance is the core of the modern rural economy. It plays an important role in promoting the development of rural economy, promoting the upgrading of agricultural industry and improving the living standard of farmers. Since the reform and opening up, our country's rural financial system has been reformed, and at the same time, there are still many problems, such as the absence of real cooperative finance and the lack of rural policy-oriented finance. The withdrawal of commercial finance from rural areas was accompanied by a large outflow of capital from rural areas. It has seriously restricted the further development of rural economy and the transformation and upgrading of agricultural structure. But mostly under the guidance of "institutional view", it mainly revolves around the adjustment and reform of formal financial institutions. And for the informal financial institutions to clean up and rectify. The focus of the reform is too much on the existence of financial institutions and the relationship between the existence. However, it ignores the diversified and multi-level demand for financial resources of the main body of rural demand under the modern economic conditions, and implements a very typical "top-down" compulsory path reform. Administrative intervention is excessive. The result of the reform will inevitably backfire, it is difficult to fundamentally improve the efficiency of rural finance in our country, and it is difficult to finally meet the actual needs of farmers and rural enterprises. To meet the financial needs of farmers and rural enterprises is the starting point to reform and improve our country's rural financial system and the ultimate test standard. At the same time, on the basis of classifying the rural financial demand according to the main body and the use, the paper makes a detailed analysis of the needs of different subjects. This article has carried on the detailed research to the current rural finance demand characteristic of our country, at the same time has analyzed the present situation of the rural finance supply, on the basis of this, has drawn the conclusion that our country rural financial market supply and demand is out of balance. And further revealed the reasons and possible solutions. Finally, on the basis of the good experience of the United States, Germany and India, the specific combination of the facts of our country, the author believes that a "bottom-up" road of reform. According to the needs of the main body of the grass-roots in-depth and meticulous analysis, the construction of diversified rural financial organizations, the implementation of a supporting system of perfection, can fundamentally improve the rural financial system in China. To meet the real needs of the main rural demand, promote the further development of our rural economy.
【学位授予单位】：西南财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F832.35

【参考文献】