FDI对中国碳排放的影响研究：理论与实证

发布时间：2018-06-23 06:01

本文选题：FDI + 碳排放效应　；参考：《浙江工商大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：目前,我国已经超越美国成为世界第一大二氧化碳排放国,二氧化碳排放量占世界排放总量比重由1978年的7.7%上升到2011年的23%,面临巨大的国际节能减排压力。客观地说,我国二氧化碳排放量的高速增长主要缘于高能耗的传统经济发展模式,以煤炭为主的能源消费结构,出口贸易隐含碳排放,以及大规模吸引FDI造成的转移性碳排放。近年来,发展低碳经济日益成为世界各国应对经济危机、转变经济增长方式的必然选择,从而节能减排问题日趋引起社会各界的广泛关注,多数研究主要聚焦于经济模式、能源消费结构、出口贸易对碳排放的影响,但关于FDI对碳排放的影响研究尚不多见。鉴于此,本文拟在理论分析我国引资特征以及FDI对碳排放影响机理基础上,采用中国大陆29个省市面板数据,构建变系数固定效应模型,进而运用截面加权广义最小二乘法(EGLS),从FDI规模、产业结构、技术进步和环境管制等多重传导路径入手,对我国吸引FDI的碳排放效应进行了实证研究。实证结论显示,FDI对我国二氧化碳排放的影响既有正面作用也有负面作用,具体而言：29个省份中有27个FDI的碳排放规模效应系数为正值,说明FDI通过规模扩张增加了我国各省份二氧化碳排放,对低碳经济发展造成了负面影响；29个省份中22个省份FDI的碳排放结构效应系数为正值,表示第二产业比重的增加加剧了我国碳排放；FDI的碳排放技术效应半数省份系数为负值,半数省份系数为正值,说明部分省份FDI通过技术进步减轻了我国碳排放压力；FDI的环境规制效应实证分析说明政府对环境的管制可以抑制碳排放,总体估计结果与理论预期基本一致。基于理论与实证分析,本文针对我国吸引FDI的碳排放规模效应、结构效应、技术效应和环境管制效应,分别提出了具体的应对措施与政策建议。
[Abstract]:At present, China has overtaken the United States to become the largest carbon dioxide emitter in the world. The proportion of carbon dioxide emissions in the world has increased from 7.7% in 1978 to 23% in 2011. Objectively speaking, the rapid growth of carbon dioxide emissions in China is mainly due to the traditional economic development model of high energy consumption, the energy consumption structure dominated by coal, the implied carbon emissions from export trade, and the transfer carbon emissions caused by attracting FDI on a large scale. In recent years, the development of low-carbon economy has increasingly become the inevitable choice for countries in the world to cope with the economic crisis and change the mode of economic growth. As a result, the problem of energy conservation and emission reduction has attracted more and more attention from all walks of life. The effect of energy consumption structure and export trade on carbon emissions is still rare, but there are few researches on the effects of FDI on carbon emissions. In view of this, based on the theoretical analysis of the characteristics of FDI and the influence mechanism of FDI on carbon emissions, this paper uses the panel data of 29 provinces and cities in mainland China to construct a fixed effect model with variable coefficients. Then the cross-sectional weighted generalized least squares (EGLS) method is used to study the carbon emission effects of FDI in China from the perspective of FDI scale industrial structure technological progress and environmental regulation. The empirical results show that FDI has both positive and negative effects on China's carbon dioxide emissions. In particular, 27 out of 29 provinces have positive carbon emission scale effect coefficients. The results show that FDI increases carbon dioxide emissions in all provinces of China through scale expansion, which has a negative impact on the development of low-carbon economy, and the structural effect coefficient of FDI is positive in 22 out of 29 provinces. It shows that the increase of secondary industry proportion has aggravated the carbon emission technical effect of China's carbon emission FDI. Half of the provinces' coefficients are negative, and half of the provinces' coefficients are positive, which indicates that some provinces' FDI alleviates the pressure of China's carbon emissions through technological progress. The empirical analysis of the environmental regulation effect of FDI shows that the government regulation on the environment can restrain carbon emissions, and the overall estimation results are basically consistent with the theoretical expectations. Based on the theoretical and empirical analysis, this paper puts forward specific countermeasures and policy recommendations on the carbon emission scale effect, structural effect, technical effect and environmental regulation effect of attracting FDI in China.
【学位授予单位】：浙江工商大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：X22;F832.6;F224

【参考文献】