农信社改革对改善金融支农的政策效应评估——基于全国农户调查面板数据的倍差法分析

发布时间：2018-11-14 18:58

【摘要】：农信社改革改善金融支农功能有两项目标,一是提高农信社对具还款能力和还款意愿的农户的贷款覆盖面;二是减少非商业化导向的农户贷款,解决利用金融手段履行财政职能的问题。本文利用全国农村固定观察点农户调查数据,采用倍差法,通过研究2003年启动的农信社改革对于不同类型农户借贷获得的影响,分析上述两项目标是否达到。2003～2006年,年内获得农信社贷款的农户比例呈下降趋势,这说明改革后农信社农户贷款的覆盖面反而在减少。倍差法分析表明,无论第一批还是第二批省份农信社改革试点,都没有显著促进农户信贷的总体覆盖面。其中,改革引致贫困村农户的信贷可得性下降,农信社将信贷资源选择性配给到贫困村的问题有所缓解。对于非贫困村农户,第一批试点省份改革仅改善了以农业为主业农户的信贷可得性,第二批试点省份改革则对各类农户贷款获得都没有显著影响。本文的实证研究证明:上一轮农信社改革减弱了金融财政化问题,但并未更好满足农户有效信贷需求。
[Abstract]:The reform of rural credit cooperatives has two objectives to improve the function of financial support for agriculture. One is to improve the coverage of loans of rural credit cooperatives to farmers with repayment ability and willingness; Second, reduce non-commercial-oriented farmer loans and solve the problem of using financial means to fulfill financial functions. In this paper, by using the survey data of farmers in fixed observation points of the whole country and using the method of double difference, this paper studies the impact of the reform of rural credit cooperatives initiated in 2003 on the loan acquisition of different types of farmers, and analyzes whether the above two objectives have reached the target of 2003 ~ 2006. The proportion of farmers who received loans from RCCs decreased during the year, which indicates that the coverage of RCCs loans is decreasing after the reform. The double difference analysis shows that neither the first batch nor the second batch of rural credit cooperatives reform pilot projects have significantly promoted the overall coverage of farmers' credit. Among them, the reform resulted in the decline of the credit availability of rural households in poor villages, and the problem of selective distribution of credit resources to poor villages was alleviated. For rural households in non-poor villages, the first batch of pilot province reforms only improved the availability of credit for farm households, while the second batch of pilot provinces had no significant impact on the access to various types of farmers' loans. The empirical research in this paper proves that the last round of rural credit cooperative reform weakened the problem of financial finance, but did not better meet the effective credit demand of farmers.
【作者单位】：清华大学经济管理学院;中国人民大学经济学院;
【分类号】：F832.35

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