村镇银行的支农绩效及其影响因素分析

发布时间：2019-02-14 07:15

【摘要】：2006年12月，银监会放宽了农村地区银行业金融机构的准入政策，允许产业资本和民间资本到农村地区新设银行，首批选择四川、内蒙等六省(区)进行试点，从村镇银行等新型农村金融机构开始起步。作为新型农村金融机构的一部分，村镇银行是以政策支农为目的，但其法人机构的性质又决定其必须进行商业化运作。村镇银行不能只追求经营目标，作为农村金融机构，其设立能否解决农村金融的融资难题不仅关系到村镇银行能否健康持续发展，更是新一轮农村金融改革成败的关键所在。所以，本文在绩效分析时避开了一般的经营绩效评价，对村镇银行的支农绩效进行评价，并对村镇银行支农绩效的影响因素进行了分析。本文采用农村金融机构支农绩效评价体系对村镇银行的支农绩效进行分析，评价指标设计主要从村镇银行支农的力度、支农的效率和支农的覆盖面三个角度进行。村镇银行作为农村金融机构的新成员，已有的研究已经表明村镇银行设立对农村金融市场的意义，但同样是承担支农政策功能，村镇银行是否比传统农村金融机构在支农业务开展、支农金融产品创新等方面进行了较好的改善。为解决此问题，文章采用比较分析的方法，将信用社等农村金融机构的支农绩效与村镇银行进行对比，通过支农绩效分析结果得出村镇银行与原有金融机构的关系以及其支农业务开展过程中的问题和不足。文章采用全国30个省市地区最早设立的109个村镇银行的数据，采用多元回归分析的方法，对村镇银行支农绩效的影响因素进行实证分析。结果表明，村镇银行的设立地点选择，经营时间的长短等因素都会影响村镇银行的支农绩效。另外，由于村镇银行的资产规模有限，难以同时兼顾目前其支持农户和中小企业的市场定位，因此，村镇银行应继续坚持支农、支小、支散的原则，加大对农户信贷需求的支持力度。最后本文采用实地调研和访谈的形式，采用案例分析的方法，对影响村镇银行支农绩效的因素进行全面研究。影响因素不仅包括村镇银行自身设立发展、村镇银行业务开展、创新等，还包括了农户认知度，金融组织间同业协作程度等制度因素。本文通过实证分析与案例分析，结果表明：尽管村镇银行支农力度较小，，但其支农效率较高，支农覆盖面广，需要对村镇银行进行差别定位，加大村镇银行的资产规模，同时对影响村镇银行的支农绩效的制度因素提出了相关政策建议，以期更好的实现村镇银行的政策效益。
[Abstract]:In December 2006, the CBRC relaxed access policies for banking financial institutions in rural areas, allowing industrial and private capital to set up new banks in rural areas, and selected six provinces (autonomous regions), including Sichuan and Inner Mongolia, for pilot projects. From the village bank and other new rural financial institutions began to start. As a part of the new rural financial institutions, the village bank aims at supporting agriculture by policy, but the nature of its legal body determines that it must be commercialized. As a rural financial institution, whether it can solve the financing problem of rural finance is not only related to the healthy and sustainable development of rural banks, but also the key to the success or failure of the new round of rural financial reform. Therefore, this paper avoids the general performance evaluation in the performance analysis, evaluates the rural bank's agricultural performance, and analyzes the influencing factors of the rural bank's agricultural performance. In this paper, the performance evaluation system of rural financial institutions supporting agriculture is used to analyze the performance of rural banks. The evaluation index is designed from three angles: the strength of supporting agriculture, the efficiency of supporting agriculture and the coverage of supporting agriculture. As a new member of the rural financial institutions, the village bank has shown the significance of the establishment of the village bank to the rural financial market, but it also undertakes the function of supporting agriculture policy. Compared with the traditional rural financial institutions, the village banks have improved the agricultural support business and the innovation of agricultural financial products. In order to solve this problem, the paper compares the agricultural support performance of rural financial institutions such as credit cooperatives with that of village banks by means of comparative analysis. The relationship between the village bank and the original financial institutions and the problems and shortcomings in the process of carrying out the agricultural support business are obtained through the analysis of the performance of supporting agriculture. Based on the data of 109 village banks in 30 provinces and cities in China, this paper makes an empirical analysis on the influencing factors of the rural banks' agricultural performance by using the method of multiple regression analysis. The results show that the selection of setting up location and the length of operation time will affect the performance of village bank in supporting agriculture. In addition, because the assets of village banks are limited, it is difficult to take into account the current market position of supporting farmers and small and medium-sized enterprises. Therefore, village and town banks should continue to adhere to the principle of supporting agriculture, small support, and dispersal. Increase support for farmers' credit demand. Finally, this paper uses the form of field investigation and interview, using the method of case analysis, to study the factors that affect the performance of rural banks in support of agriculture. The influencing factors include not only the establishment and development of village banks, the development and innovation of village banks, but also the system factors such as farmers' recognition, the degree of inter-bank cooperation among financial organizations, and so on. Through the empirical analysis and case analysis, the results show that: although the rural banks support agriculture less, but its agricultural support efficiency is higher, agricultural coverage is wide, it is necessary to differentiate the location of rural banks, and increase the scale of the assets of rural banks. At the same time, it puts forward relevant policy suggestions on the institutional factors that affect the rural bank's performance in support of agriculture, in order to better realize the policy benefit of the village bank.
【学位授予单位】：山西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F832.35;F224

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