耦合视角下的旅游城市成长理论与实证研究

发布时间：2018-01-01 14:04

本文关键词：耦合视角下的旅游城市成长理论与实证研究　出处：《北京交通大学》2014年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：摘要：在后工业时期,网络化、生态化、融合化发展的背景下,旅游城市面临着开放的发展环境和多元的发展需求,对旅游城市的传统发展理念、发展思路提出新的挑战。现实中,供给与需求、规模与效益、速度与质量、政府与市场、经济效益与社会、环境效益、同质性与异质性、竞争与协作成为旅游城市面临的发展困境。旅游城市发展什么,怎样发展,如何评价旅游城市的发展水平和发展能力,引导城市的发展方向,成为理论和实践的发展要求。本文依托北京市旅游发展委员会重大项目“世界旅游城市评价体系研究”和北京市哲学社会科学基金青年项目“北京建设国际一流旅游城市研究”,以统计资料数据和市场调查数据为基础,以旅游城市成长要素间的耦合互动关系为研究对象,构建旅游城市成长的理论模型,并在此基础上,提出以旅游吸引力、旅游发展力、城市支持力、旅游者满意度、网络人气为一级指标的评价指标体系；运用结构模型分析、方差分析、锡尔系数等方法对世界范围45个旅游业发达城市进行模型验证和实践应用；最后以北京为对象,运用结构模型与数据结果,在与15个世界一流综合性旅游大都市进行比较的基础上,针对其成长的制约因素,提出相应的成长路径与对策建议。本文的研究结论主要包括：第一,本文运用企业成长理论、城市理论,提出了旅游城市的成长是由旅游城市成长主体、成长资源、成长环境和成长空间构成的四维系统。成长主体是在旅游城市的成长进程中发挥重要作用的相关个体和组织,主要包括：旅游者、旅游产业和城市三种主体；成长资源是旅游吸引物、旅游服务设施、旅游人力、旅游投资、旅游信息服务、城市网络集群等资源的有机组合；成长空间既可指城市的物理空间、连接客源地和目的地所投射的立体空间、网络空间、信息空间,也可以理解为发展现状与未来目标的距离,成长空间的多维和有限的属性使得有质量的成长,而不是盲目追求速度和效益,成为旅游城市持续发展的关键。第二,本文结合耦合理论、生态理论研究旅游城市成长主体间的互动关系和耦合机理。阐释了旅游产业与城市耦合成长中的相互促进与约束关系；构建了旅游城市耦合成长的发展圈和支持圈,认为二者之间的耦合关系决定了发展的复杂性和相对性；耦合程度的高低决定旅游城市成长效果的实现程度的高低,即旅游业与城市发展的耦合程度影响了旅游者感知和体验的满意程度,并进而会影响未来的旅游关注和旅游行为的产生。第三,本文构建了旅游城市成长能力的理论框架,主要包括旅游吸引力、旅游发展力、城市支持力、旅游者满意度和网络人气五个一级测量维度。旅游吸引力解释了一个城市可以被视为旅游城市所需要具备的资源、区位等条件；旅游发展力是旅游业发展水平和持续发展能力的综合表现；城市支持力是旅游城市成长的外在支撑体系；旅游者满意度和网络人气则是旅游城市成长效果的体现,反映了旅游城市成长的质量与影响。第四,旅游城市成长能力是一个基于成长理论、耦合理论、生态理论的创新概念,属于新理论的探索性研究,本文运用SEM方法对理论模型进行了验证性分析。首先对测量模型进行检验,明确各指数与评价指标间的隶属关系；其次,对各指数间关系的结构模型进行检验,认为五个分项指数间存在相关关系,由此认为存在一个潜在变量(本文将其命名为“旅游城市发展指数”)可以解释上述五个分项变量,并对此结构模型进行检验和修正。结果表明,旅游吸引力、旅游发展力、旅游者满意度对旅游城市成长存在直接影响,城市支持力、网络人气则起到间接影响。从影响程度来看,旅游业发展的自身实力是影响旅游城市成长能力的最主要原因；从具体指标来看,“环境质量”和“旅游总人次年均增长率”对旅游城市成长能力的影响是负向的,符合本文提出的成长空间“量的有限性”的观点,也符合可持续发展的理念,本文认为在提高发展质量的前提下,以较高的发展水平稳态增长,是旅游城市更为科学合理的发展思路。第五,旅游城市发展指数说明旅游城市系统内部以及旅游城市系统与旅游者耦合发展的程度,本文以旅游发展与城市支持之间的相互关系作为划分依据,将旅游城市的演化分为优质耦合、中级耦合、勉强耦合、耦合复兴(或衰退)等阶段。从耦合模式来看,可分为协调模式、旅游滞后模式、城市滞后模式等,并对国内城市进行了分析。耦合模式的探讨则有助于城市把握发展的方向,尤其是便于发现自身的短板,以指导旅游城市发展战略的制定与实施。本文最后对北京及15个世界一流旅游城市进行比较分析,并提出了未来发展的对策建议。本文建立以耦合成长为导向的研究框架,通过国内外城市数据的实证研究,验证了旅游城市成长评价的理论框架和各维度之间的作用机理,丰富了旅游城市理论和成长理论,为旅游城市成长力的培育,为城市规划、管理和营销提供了契合度较高的操作框架。
[Abstract]:Abstract: in the post industrial era, network integration, ecology, development background, tourism city facing the development environment open and pluralistic development of city tourism demand, the traditional development concept, put forward new challenges in the development of ideas. In reality, the supply and demand, scale and efficiency, speed and quality. The government and the market, social and economic benefits, environmental benefits, homogeneity and heterogeneity, competition and cooperation become the development dilemma facing the city tourism development of the tourism city. What, how to develop, how to evaluate the development level of tourism city and development ability, guide the direction of development of the city, become the requirements of the development of theory and practice.
Based on the study of the world tourism city evaluation system of major projects "Committee on tourism development of Beijing city and Beijing City, philosophy and Social Science Fund Project" the youth of Beijing to build a world-class tourist city to study ", statistical data and market survey data based on coupling interaction between city tourism growth factors as the research object, construct the growth model of the tourist city, and on this basis, put forward by tourism attraction, tourism development, city support, tourist satisfaction, network popularity evaluation index system level indicators; analysis by structural model analysis of variance, Theil coefficient method of the world 45 tourism developed city model validation and application; taking Beijing as the object, using the data structure model and results, and in 15 of the world's leading comprehensive tourist city than most On the basis of the restriction factors of their growth, the corresponding growth path and countermeasures are put forward.
The main conclusions of this paper are as follows:
First, this paper uses the theory of enterprise growth, city theory, puts forward the tourism city's growth is by the tourism city growth main resources for growth, four-dimensional system growing environment and the growth space. The main growth is related to individuals and organizations, play an important role in the growth of tourism city in the process mainly include tourists, tourism industry and the three main city; growth of resources is a tourist attraction, tourism facilities, tourism human resources, tourism investment, tourism information service, the organic combination of city network cluster resources; growth space can refer to the physical space of the city, connecting the source and destination of the projection of three-dimensional space, network space, information space. It can be understood as the status quo of the development of distance and future goals, multidimensional growth space and limited the quality attributes of growth, rather than the blind pursuit of speed and efficiency, become The key to the sustainable development of tourist cities.
Second, based on the coupling theory, interaction and coupling mechanism of ecological theory of tourism city growth among the subjects. It explains the mutual promotion and restriction relationship between tourism industry and city coupling development; build a tourism city coupling growth development circle and the support ring, the coupling relationship between that of the two determines the development complexity and to achieve the degree of relativity; coupling degree decides the growth effect of the city tourism, tourism industry and the development of the city, the coupling degree of satisfaction influence tourists' perception and experience, and thus will affect the future of tourism attention and tourism behavior.
Third, this paper constructs the theoretical framework of the growth ability of the city's tourism, including tourism attraction, tourism development, city support, tourist satisfaction and network popularity level of five dimensions. The tourist attraction explains a city can be regarded as required for city tourism resources, location and other conditions; tourism development is the performance of the tourism development level and ability of sustainable development; city support force is the external support system of city tourism development; tourist satisfaction and network popularity is the embodiment of city tourism growth effect, reflect the quality and effect of tourism city growth.
Fourth, the growth ability of tourism city is a growth theory based on coupling theory, the concept of innovation, ecological theory, exploratory research belongs to the new theory, this paper uses the SEM method of the theoretical model are verified. The first test of the measurement model, the membership refers to the relationship between the number and evaluation index; secondly, the structure model of the relationship between each index to test, that the relationship between the five sub indices, which thinks that there is a latent variable (we named it the "city tourism development index) can explain the five sub variables, and the model is tested and revised. The results show that the tourism attraction the development of tourism, tourist satisfaction, have a direct impact on the growth of tourism city, city support, network popularity plays indirect effects. From the extent of the impact, the development of the tourism industry since The body strength is the main reason affecting the growth ability of tourism city; from the specific indicators, "environmental quality" and "total tourism growth rate next year is" the growth ability of tourism city is negative, with limited "proposed" the growth point of view, is also in line with sustainable development the concept, this paper argues that in the premise of improving the quality of development, steady growth to a higher level of development, is a tourist city for the development of ideas more scientific and reasonable.
Fifth, the development of the tourism city index system of tourism and tourism that within the city and tourist city system coupling development degree, the relationship between the tourism development and support the city as the basis of dividing, the evolution of the tourist city is divided into high coupling, intermediate coupling, force coupling, coupling Revival (or recession) stage. From the coupling mode, can be divided into the coordination mode, tourism lag model, city lag model, and the domestic city were analyzed. To investigate the coupled model is helpful to grasp the development direction of the city, especially to find its shortcomings, the formulation and implementation of city tourism guide the development strategy. At the end of this paper a comparative analysis of Beijing and 15 of the world's leading tourism city, and puts forward some suggestions for future development.
This paper sets up a research framework based on coupled growth oriented, through empirical study of city data at home and abroad, to verify the mechanism between the theoretical framework of evaluation of the growth of tourism city and each dimension, enrich the tourism city theory and the growth theory, the growth of the cultivation for the tourist city, city planning, management and marketing provides operation the framework of high fit.

【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F592.7;F299.27

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