缅甸茵莱湖保护区生态旅游与社区发展关系研究

发布时间：2018-01-04 23:13

本文关键词：缅甸茵莱湖保护区生态旅游与社区发展关系研究　出处：《北京林业大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：生态旅游以其显著地经济贡献日益被视为一个社区发展的有效途径。对环境敏感、富有教育意义且有利于当地社区的旅游需求的增加使生态旅游业正在日益普及。总的来说,像其他发展中国家一样,缅甸已经将21个保护区改为了生态旅游景点。然而,目前为止有关生态旅游和社区发展的研究少见。在本研究中,为了评估生态旅游的现状,Inle湖野生动物保护区被选定为研究案例,同时评价了现有的旅游-公园-社区的关系,以及它在被改造为区域发展战略景区的影响。数据收集主要采用定性方法包括问卷调查,正式和非正式的访谈,以及私人谈话和观察。该研究说明在Inle湖生态旅游已经对当地的居民生计和其他环境、经济、社会和文化因素造成了正面和负面影响。然而,调查发现生态旅游的正面影响比负面影响更显著。重要的是,当地社区对生态旅游的未来表示乐观且任何消极后果都不能阻止他们继续对未来生态旅游开发的渴望。本文对目前旅游-公园-社区关系进行了分析,对机遇和制约因素进行了评定。研究发现该地区有其他类型的旅游,如自然为基础的旅游和已经发展多年成为主流的文化旅游,而生态旅游的发展被认为仍处于早期阶段。迄今,旅游活动对保护性收入没有起到贡献作用,因此旅游业还没有为管理和保护活动募集资金,因此限制了当地社区的社会经济福利；生态旅游的发展增加的就业机会同时也将产生一些争议性行为。这一点很重要,因为当地居民使用自然资源来维持生计的需求导致了许多威胁。在本研究中,采用定性和定量研究相结合的方法。基于多方面来源数据和方法的测定和分析方法尽可能的限制了主观偏差。研究结果为政策规划者、政府和行政机构,以及在Inle湖的当地社区提供相关建议。同时本文给出了开展进一步研究的建议。
[Abstract]:With its remarkable economic contribution, ecotourism is increasingly regarded as an effective way to develop a community and is sensitive to the environment. The growing demand for tourism that is educational and beneficial to local communities is making ecotourism increasingly popular. In general, it is like other developing countries. Myanmar has converted 21 protected areas into ecotourism sites. However, studies on ecotourism and community development have so far been rare. In this study, the status of ecotourism has been assessed. The Lake Inle Wildlife Reserve was selected as a case study and the existing tourism-park-community relationship was evaluated. And its impact in the transformation into a regional development strategy scenic spot. Data collection mainly uses qualitative methods, including questionnaires, formal and informal interviews. As well as private conversations and observations. The study shows that ecotourism in Lake Inle has both positive and negative effects on local livelihoods and other environmental, economic, social and cultural factors. The survey found that the positive effects of ecotourism are more significant than the negative ones. Local communities are optimistic about the future of ecotourism and any negative consequences can not prevent them from continuing their desire for future ecotourism development. This paper analyzes the current tourism-Park-Community relationship. Opportunities and constraints were assessed. The study found that there were other types of tourism in the region, such as natural-based tourism and cultural tourism, which had developed into the mainstream for many years. But the development of ecotourism is still in the early stage. So far, tourism activities have not contributed to the protective income, so tourism has not raised funds for management and conservation activities. Thus limiting the socio-economic well-being of local communities; The development of ecotourism will also generate some controversial employment opportunities. This is important because the needs of local residents to use natural resources to sustain their livelihoods pose a number of threats. A combination of qualitative and quantitative studies is used. Methods of measurement and analysis based on multiple sources of data and methods limit subjective deviations as far as possible. The results are policy planners, governments and administrative agencies. And the local communities in Lake Inle provide suggestions for further study.
【学位授予单位】：北京林业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F593.37

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