生态旅游者：甄别及其环境友好行为特征研究

发布时间：2018-03-15 04:03

本文选题：生态旅游者　切入点：环境友好行为　出处：《海南师范大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着旅游业的发展，旅游活动中的不良行为对生态环境的负面影响日渐显著，人们逐渐意识到旅游活动会对环境产生冲击，并认识到如果不及时加以妥善的调控和管理，这些冲击将会带来不可逆转的后果。生态旅游是一种可持续的旅游。近三十年来，其规模不断扩大，给许多国家和地区带来了丰厚的经济利益。生态旅游的发展及其目标与使命的实现，在很大程度上取决于生态旅游活动的主体即生态旅游者，与旅游者的旅游行为有着密不可分的关系。因此，识别生态旅游者并透彻地了解其行为特征，将有利于更深入地了解生态旅游市场，有助于生态旅游市场的培育，进而促进旅游业的健康发展。本文基于在海南呀诺达热带雨林生态旅游区的调查，以旅游者为研究对象，在阅读国内外大量文献的基础上，设定了生态旅游者的甄别标准，，然后根据标准辨识生态旅游者，并对生态旅游者与其他类别旅游者的环境行为差异进行分析，寻找并分析与不同类型旅游者环境友好行为相关的主要变量（因素），剖析了旅游者环境行为与各环境心理学因子之间的相互关系，基于此，提出了旨在提高游客环境友好行为水平的管理措施和游客环境教育方法。研究结果如下：（1）在理论上，根据生态旅游的内涵，提出了基于旅游者行为的生态旅游者甄别因子，即自然体验动机、学习型动机与环境态度。针对当前生态旅游及生态旅游者概念泛化这一问题，提出的分类指标以被学术界广泛认同的生态旅游的核心标准为理论依据。实证研究表明，基于“旅游动机+环境态度”指标的旅游者聚类是识别生态旅游者的有效方法。（2）并非所有前往生态旅游区的游客都是真正的生态旅游者，真正的生态旅游者只是少部分人。仅17.4%的访问者为生态旅游者，另有43.7%的访问者为偶然型生态旅游者，大众旅游者占38.9%。（3）生态旅游者主要是年轻人，学历较高，收入中等，女性略多于男性。（4）与大众旅游者相比，生态旅游者对保护景区及维护景区自然生态系统措施的支持度更高；对环境友好行为的实施意向水平更高；向景区支付额外费用以保护环境的意愿更强。（5）不同类型旅游者的环境友好行为意向水平的相关因素不同：生态旅游者的环境友好行为意向与反应效能感、环境行动知识水平、后果意识呈显著的正相关关系，意即，生态旅游者的反应效能感越强、环境知识水平越高、后果意识越强，则其环境友好行为意向水平也越高；大众旅游者的环境友好行为意向水平与环境敏感度、反应效能感、后果意识、主观规范、环境行动知识显著正相关；偶然型生态旅游者的环境友好行为意向与反应效能感及环境敏感度相关。这说明，反应效能感是与所有旅游者的环境友好行为意向均相关的因子，增强反应效能感，强调“‘你可以’、‘你能’为环境保护做出贡献”是有效的途径。不同类别旅游者的环境友好行为意向影响因素各不相同，应采用不同的环境教育方法和管理措施。（6）基于上述研究结果，为制定促进各类旅游者实施环境友好行为的适宜管理措施、科学合理的环境教育体系提供一些对策与建议。
[Abstract]:With the development of the tourism industry, the negative impact of tourism activities in the bad behavior on the ecological environment has become increasingly prominent, people gradually realize that tourism activities will have an impact on the environment, and recognizing that if not promptly be regulated and managed properly, these shocks will bring irreversible consequences. Ecotourism is a sustainable tourism. In the past thirty years, its scale is continually expanding, has brought huge economic benefits to many countries and regions. The development of eco tourism and its goals and mission, the main body depends largely on the eco tourism eco-tourism, tourism and tourist behavior has a close relationship. Therefore identification, eco tourists and understand its behavior characteristics thoroughly, will be conducive to a deeper understanding of the ecological tourism market, cultivating the help of the ecological tourism market and promote tourism health The development of Kang.
Based on the investigation in Hainan, tropical rainforest eco-tourism area, with tourism as the research object, based on reading a lot of literature at home and abroad, set up the ecological tourist screening criteria, then according to the identification standard of ecological tourism, analyzes the difference and environmental behavior of ecotourism and other categories of tourists, find and analyze the main variables associated with different types of tourists' environmental friendly behavior (factors), analysis of the relationship between environmental factors, psychological behavior of tourists and the environment on the basis of this, put forward to improve the level of environmental friendly behavior of tourists and tourist management measures of environmental education methods. The results were as follows:
(1) in theory, according to the connotation of ecological tourism, the tourist behavior of eco tourist screening factor based on natural experience motivation, learning motivation and environmental attitudes. In view of the current ecological tourism and ecological tourism concept generalization of this problem, the core standard of ecotourism classification index proposed to be widely accepted the academic circles as the theoretical basis. The empirical research shows that, based on the "tourism motivation and environmental attitudes of tourists cluster index is an effective method for identification of eco tourists.
(2) not all tourists who go to the ecotourism area are real ecotourism tourists. The real ecotourism is only a few people. Only 17.4% of the visitors are ecotourism, and 43.7% of them are ecotourism tourists. The mass tourists account for 38.9%..
(3) ecotourist is mainly young, with higher education, middle income, and slightly more women than men.
(4) compared with mass tourists, ecotourism has higher support for protecting scenic spots and maintaining natural ecosystems, and has a higher level of intention towards environmentally friendly behaviors, and has more willingness to pay extra fees to protect the environment.
(5) related factors and levels of environmental friendly behavior intention of different types of tourists is different: environment friendly behavior intention and reaction efficiency of ecological tourists, environmental knowledge, positive correlation, significant awareness of the consequences that the reaction effect of eco tourists can sense is stronger, the higher the level of environmental knowledge. Awareness of the consequences is stronger, the environment friendly behavior intention in higher levels; environment friendly behavior level and the environment of mass tourists' sensitivity, response efficacy, awareness of the consequences, subjective norms, positively related to environmental knowledge; accidental eco tourists environmental friendly behavior intention and self-efficacy and environment sensitive the degree of correlation. This shows that self-efficacy factor intention of environment friendly behavior is and all the tourists are related to the enhanced self-efficacy, stressed that "" you can "," you can "for environmental protection It is an effective way to make contributions to the community. The environmental friendly behavior intentions of different categories of tourists are different. Different environmental education methods and management measures should be adopted.
(6) based on the above findings, we will provide some countermeasures and suggestions for developing appropriate management measures to promote environmental friendly behavior of all kinds of tourists, and scientific and reasonable environmental education system.

【学位授予单位】：海南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F592;X24

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