旅游凝视下湘西德夯苗寨的意义生产

发布时间：2018-05-22 16:17

本文选题：旅游凝视 + 乡村旅游　；参考：《吉首大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：“旅游凝视”是厄里由拉康、福柯等人的理论基础上,在《旅游者的凝视:当代社会的休闲与旅游业》中提出的。厄里认为“旅游凝视”包括旅游欲求、旅游动机和旅游行为等一系列过程,是一种隐喻和理论抽象,也是旅游者对旅游地的一种作用力,具有生产性。旅游凝视这一过程中,游客、本地居民、政府、策划者之间进行着权力的博弈、商榷与妥协。游客和本地居民作为意义生产的实践主体,政府和策划人作为意义生产的组织主体,两方面主体的合力对乡村空间进行重塑。乡村在旅游凝视中被重塑,这一过程也是意义被生产的过程。具体到德夯村而言,是以前往德夯旅游的消费者的生理、心理需求为目标产物,以乡村已有的自然山水、民俗风情和公路奇观为底板,政府、策划者作为中介和诠释力量,将乡村的文化符码带入到不同的表征系统和叙事语法当中,意义由此被建构和生产。德夯原有的自然、文化符码被转译,发生形变。最后,论文对旅游凝视下乡村的意义生产中的问题进行分析。也即文化大众化与文化个性化之间的冲突问题,更细致地是文化接受、变现过程中的“文化折扣”和“文化增值”的问题进行分析。“文化折扣”原本被使用在跨国界的文化传播和接受中,但民族地域之间文化语境的差异确实同样会导致文化在传播和接受中产生损耗。为了更好地阐述观点,本文在民族地域文化传播中使用了“文化折扣”的概念。同时,将湘西德夯苗寨的乡村旅游开发与日本乡村旅游发展较为成熟的三岛町案例进行分析比较,试图提供一些可供参考的启示。本研究以湖南省湘西州德夯苗寨为例,通过叙事学和符号学的方法,旨在研究“旅游凝视”中的哪些主体使得乡村的意义发生变化,变化的具体内容是什么,以及这些变化会导致怎样的问题,最后参考较为成熟的乡村旅游案例尝试给出建议。以期对乡村旅游的开发、打造和少数民族本土文化的活态保护有所助益。
[Abstract]:On the basis of the theory of Uryukan and Foucault, "tourist gaze" was put forward in "tourist gaze: leisure and tourism in contemporary society". Urry believes that "tourist gaze" includes a series of processes, such as tourism desire, tourism motivation and tourism behavior, which is a metaphor and theoretical abstraction, and is also a kind of force and productive force of tourists to the tourist destination. In the process of tourist gaze, there is a game of power, discussion and compromise among tourists, local residents, government and planners. Tourists and local residents are the practical subjects of meaningful production, the government and planners are the organizational subjects of meaningful production, and the joint forces of the two main bodies reshape the rural space. The village is reshaped in the process of tourism gaze, which is also the process of meaning being produced. As far as the village is concerned, it is the target product of the physiological and psychological needs of the consumers who travel to Dezan, the natural landscape, customs and the wonders of the highway that the countryside already has, and the government and planners act as the intermediary and interpretation force. The rural cultural code is introduced into different representation systems and narrative grammar, and the meaning is constructed and produced. The original natural and cultural codes are translated and deformed. Finally, the paper analyzes the problems in the meaning production of tourism staring at the countryside. In other words, the conflict between cultural popularization and cultural individualization is more detailed analysis of cultural acceptance, cultural discount and cultural appreciation in the process of realization. "Cultural discount" was originally used in the cultural communication and acceptance across national boundaries, but the differences of cultural context between ethnic regions can also lead to the loss of culture in the process of transmission and acceptance. In order to better explain the point of view, this paper uses the concept of "cultural discount" in the dissemination of national regional culture. At the same time, the paper analyzes and compares the rural tourism development of Dezam Miao Zhai in Xiangxi with the case of Miyamachi, which is mature in the development of rural tourism in Japan, in order to provide some references for reference. This study takes De-Pan Miao Zhai in Xiangxi Prefecture, Hunan Province as an example, through narratology and semiotics methods, the purpose of this study is to study which subjects in "Tourism gaze" make the meaning of the village change and what is the specific content of the change. And how these changes will lead to problems, finally, reference to more mature cases of rural tourism try to give suggestions. It is helpful to the development of rural tourism and the protection of the native culture of ethnic minorities.
【学位授予单位】：吉首大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F592.7;F327

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