基于旅游生命周期的民族村寨旅游地民族文化变迁的差异分析

发布时间：2018-06-04 14:59

本文选题：民族村寨旅游 + 旅游地生命周期　；参考：《贵州师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：旅游作为一种经济现象和文化现象,使传统民族文化成为可以转变为财富的资源,在全球经济大发展的背景下,旅游成为民族地区区域经济发展的必然选择,其对民族文化的影响也日益突出。本文立足旅游地生命周期视角,从民族村寨旅游地民族文化产生的变迁着手,采用问卷调查、深度访谈相结合的方法获取资料,以旅游开发为界对民族村寨的物质文化、精神文化、社区环境3个方面的变迁进行研究,选取贵州省3大少数民族村寨作为案例地进行比较分析,在以多目标线性加权函数法构建旅游地生命周期评价模型的基础上,运用主成分分析方法提取民族村寨旅游下民族文化变迁的影响因子,结合旅游地生命周期理论进一步分析民族文化变迁的方式,以及表现出的共性及个性差异,进而探寻生命周期下旅游开发对民族文化变迁的影响机制,以期对同类型民族村寨旅游地提供发展路径上的经验借鉴。本文从以下几个内容展开研究:第一,通过理论研究与实地调研,设计符合3大民族村寨旅游发展实际的问卷量表;第二,构建民族村寨旅游地生命周期综合评价模型,结合层次分析法确定权重,以此作为3大少数民族村寨旅游地生命周期阶段的判定依据;第三,基于主成分分析方法提取3大民族村寨民族文化变迁影响因子,从物质文化、精神文化、社区环境三个方面分析不同旅游发展阶段的民族村寨,其民族文化变迁表现出的共性及差异。最后,基于以上分析,给出本文的结论:(1)在物质文化要素上,民族文化的变迁多呈现由旅游巩固区向旅游参与区变迁程度递减的规律,区域之间的差异大;(2)精神文化要素多呈现负向变迁,在旅游巩固区表现最为明显,传统歌舞、节庆、风俗文化亟待保护。(3)民族旅游可以成为促进民族文化保护与复兴的有效途径。民族文化的复兴在旅游巩固期民族村寨多表现为基于旅游经济利益驱动下的民族文化的“自醒”,在旅游参与期民族村寨多表现为基于地缘和血缘的民族文化的“自觉”。
[Abstract]:Tourism, as an economic and cultural phenomenon, makes traditional national culture become a resource that can be transformed into wealth. Under the background of global economic development, tourism becomes the inevitable choice of regional economic development in ethnic minority areas. Its influence on national culture is also increasingly prominent. Based on the perspective of tourist destination life cycle, this paper starts with the changes of the national culture in the tourism area of the minority village, adopts the method of questionnaire survey and in-depth interview to obtain the information, and takes the tourism development as the boundary to the material culture of the minority village. This paper studies the changes of spiritual culture and community environment, selects three major minority villages in Guizhou Province as a case study, and constructs a life cycle evaluation model of tourist destination based on the multi-objective linear weighting function method. Using principal component analysis (PCA) method to extract the influencing factors of the national cultural changes under the tourism of the minority villages, and to further analyze the ways of the changes of the national culture, as well as the common and individual differences, combined with the theory of the tourism destination life cycle. Then it explores the influence mechanism of tourism development on the change of national culture under the life cycle, in order to provide the experience on the development path of the same type of ethnic villages. This article starts the research from the following contents: first, through the theoretical research and the field investigation, designs the questionnaire scale which accords with the three national village tourism development reality; second, constructs the minority village tourism destination life cycle synthesis appraisal model, Combined with the Analytic hierarchy process to determine the weight, as the three major minority villages tourism life cycle stage judgment basis; third, based on the principal component analysis method to extract the three major ethnic minority village national cultural change factors, from the material culture, Spiritual culture and community environment are three aspects of the analysis of the different stages of tourism development of ethnic villages, the changes of their national culture shows the commonness and differences. Finally, based on the above analysis, the conclusion of this paper is given: (1) in terms of material and cultural elements, the changes of national culture mostly present the law of decreasing the degree of change from tourism consolidation area to tourism participating area. (2) spiritual and cultural elements show negative changes, which are most obvious in tourism consolidation areas. Traditional songs and dances, festivals, etc. National tourism can be an effective way to promote the protection and rejuvenation of national culture. The revival of national culture in the period of tourism consolidation is manifested as the "self-awakening" of the national culture driven by the economic interests of tourism, and the "consciousness" of the national culture based on geography and blood in the period of tourism participation.
【学位授予单位】：贵州师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G127;F592.7

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