基于增权理论的瑞金红色旅游扶贫研究

发布时间：2018-11-06 13:39

【摘要】：瑞金，作为中华苏维埃共和国临时中央政府所在地，在我国革命发展史上与赣南等原中央苏区区域内的其他地区共同发挥着极其重要的作用，但其经济社会发展并未跟上改革开放的时代步伐，仍旧落后于国内其他地区。2012年，国家正式出台《国务院关于支持赣南等原中央苏区振兴发展的若干意见》，将振兴原中央苏区发展提升到国家战略的高度，这也为瑞金的经济振兴和发展提供了良好契机。作为一个以发展红色旅游为主导和特色产业的旅游城市，瑞金的旅游业发展以其带动性强和关联度高的特点在瑞金的扶贫工作中占据重要地位，因此瑞金的红色旅游扶贫研究对于当地经济振兴具有重要意义。然而在旅游扶贫实践中往往将注意力放在旅游资源开发规划上，而忽略了最本质的贫困人口问题，其结果是导致是贫困人口参与旅游处于无权、无能状态。旅游增权是指通过居民个人赋权，从而打破不平衡权力关系，促进社区居民参与旅游发展的行为，因此旅游增权重在社区增权。文章以瑞金为研究对象，以增权理论为指导基础，采取入户访谈、问卷调查等方法开展实地调研，深入剖析贫困人口旅游增权现状，并基于增权理论提出瑞金红色旅游扶贫的发展思路和建议，其目的是以贫困人口旅游增权促进瑞金旅游发展的公平性和可持续性，促进瑞金红色旅游扶贫工作目标的真正实现，从而以点带面，多点联动，全面推进原中央苏区区域红色旅游扶贫发展计划，为发展振兴原中央苏区贡献重要力量。文章首先分析旅游扶贫理论及研究现状，引出增权理论，探讨增权理论和旅游扶贫理论的内涵，指出旅游增权理论研究对于旅游扶贫实践的重要性和指导性。其次，针对瑞金红色旅游发展状况深入分析旅游扶贫现状，同时依据相关文献、访谈记录、统计数据等分析瑞金贫困人口统计学特征及旅游增权现状，发现瑞金贫困人口呈现出数量多、文化水平较低的特点，在红色旅游发展中反映出参与程度低、旅游收益少，缺乏制度保障等问题，主要是因为贫困人口在旅游中处于基本“无权”的状态，在经济、政治、社会和心理增权方面都存在不同程度的缺失。最后，根据瑞金红色旅游的特点及发展实际情况，基于增权理论的基础上就瑞金红色旅游扶贫提出发展战略及对策，在政治增权方面提出修订完善相关法律法规、完善旅游行政部门管理体系和规章制度、深化红色旅游体制改革；在经济增权方面制定旅游扶贫优惠政策、建立合理的贫困人口收益机制；在心理增权方面搭建信息沟通平台、加强教育和培训；在社会增权方面完善旅游基础设施，，加强和谐组织建设。
[Abstract]:Ruijin, as the seat of the interim central government of the Soviet Republic of China, played an extremely important role in the history of the revolution in our country, together with other areas in the former Central Soviet region, such as Gannan, However, its economic and social development has not kept pace with the times of reform and opening up, and it still lags behind other parts of the country. In 2012, the State Council officially issued the State Council's views on supporting the revitalization and development of the former Central Soviet areas such as South Jiangxi. Promoting the development of the former Central Soviet region to the height of national strategy also provides a good opportunity for the economic revitalization and development of Ruijin. As a tourist city with the development of red tourism as the leading and characteristic industry, the tourism development of Ruijin occupies an important position in the poverty alleviation work of Ruijin because of its strong and highly related characteristics. Therefore, Ruijin's research on red tourism poverty alleviation is of great significance to local economic development. However, in the practice of tourism poverty alleviation, attention is often paid to the development and planning of tourism resources, while the most essential problem of the poor population is neglected. The result is that the poor people are powerless and incompetent to participate in tourism. Tourism empowerment refers to the behavior of individual empowerment of residents to break the imbalance of power relations and promote the participation of community residents in the development of tourism, so the weight of tourism increases power in the community. This article takes Ruijin as the research object, takes the empowerment theory as the guidance, adopts the method of household interview, questionnaire investigation and so on, carries on the field investigation, deeply analyzes the impoverished population tourism empowerment present situation, Based on the theory of empowerment, the paper puts forward the ideas and suggestions for poverty alleviation of Ruijin red tourism. Its purpose is to promote the equity and sustainability of the tourism development of Ruijin by increasing the tourism rights of the poor, and to promote the real realization of the goal of aiding the poor of the red tourism in Ruijin. In order to promote the red tourism development plan of the former Central Soviet region, and contribute an important strength to the development and revitalization of the former Central Soviet area. This paper first analyzes the theory and research status of tourism poverty alleviation, leads out the theory of empowerment, discusses the connotation of empowerment theory and tourism poverty alleviation theory, and points out the importance and guidance of tourism empowerment theory for the practice of tourism poverty alleviation. Secondly, according to the red tourism development of Ruijin in-depth analysis of the status quo of tourism poverty alleviation, according to relevant literature, interview records, statistical data, etc., this paper analyzes the statistical characteristics of the poor population and the status quo of tourism empowerment in Ruijin. It is found that the poor population of Ruijin has the characteristics of large number and low level of education, which reflects the problems of low participation, low tourism revenue and lack of institutional protection in the development of red tourism. The main reason is that the poor people are basically "powerless" in tourism, and lack of economic, political, social and psychological empowerment. Finally, according to the characteristics of Ruijin red tourism and the actual situation of its development, based on the theory of empowerment, the paper puts forward the development strategy and countermeasures to help the poor of Ruijin red tourism, and proposes to amend and perfect the relevant laws and regulations in the aspect of political empowerment. Improve the administrative system of tourism administration and rules and regulations, deepen the reform of red tourism system; In the aspect of economic empowerment, we should formulate preferential policies for poverty alleviation in tourism, establish a reasonable income mechanism for the poor, build information communication platforms for psychological empowerment, and strengthen education and training. In terms of social empowerment, improve tourism infrastructure and strengthen the construction of harmonious organizations.
【学位授予单位】：江西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F592.7;F323.8

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