SWAT模型对景观格局变化的敏感性分析——以丹江口库区老灌河流域为例

发布时间：2019-06-05 06:47

【摘要】：景观的空间配置与类型组成能够对流域的产流、产沙及非点源污染产生影响。在以往SWAT模型研究中,往往默认水文模型考虑了该影响。为分析SWAT模型对不同景观格局变化的敏感性,根据老灌河流域2000年土地利用在各子流域的组成,模拟研究区更为破碎、复杂的景观空间配置,通过设置多套试验参数,利用SWAT模型生成基于不同景观格局的模拟结果。结果表明,SWAT模型不能反映除坡度和面积变化之外的景观水平下各斑块之间因景观空间格局改变对流域产流、产沙以及非点源污染的影响;模型通过其他参数的调整,弥补了模型分析数据的不足,使实测数据与模型部分结果高度吻合。这表明,一个能够反映流域部分水文特征的SWAT模型,未必是对研究区真实情形的模拟,而是各个参数间平衡的结果。因此,在利用SWAT模型分析模拟景观变化时,不应默认模型能够模拟景观空间格局改变对流域水文过程的影响,同时研究者可以通过划分坡度带,提高模型对不同坡度土地利用的敏感性。
[Abstract]:The spatial allocation and type composition of landscape can have an impact on runoff yield, sediment yield and non-point source pollution. In the previous SWAT model research, the default hydrological model often considered this influence. In order to analyze the sensitivity of SWAT model to different landscape pattern changes, according to the composition of land use in each sub-basin in 2000, the more broken and complex landscape spatial allocation in the study area was simulated, and several sets of experimental parameters were set up. SWAT model is used to generate simulation results based on different landscape patterns. The results show that the SWAT model can not reflect the effects of landscape spatial pattern on runoff yield, sediment yield and non-point source pollution under the landscape level except slope and area change. Through the adjustment of other parameters, the model makes up for the shortcomings of the model analysis data, so that the measured data are in good agreement with some of the results of the model. This shows that a SWAT model which can reflect some hydrological characteristics of the basin is not necessarily the simulation of the real situation in the study area, but the result of the balance among the parameters. Therefore, when using SWAT model to analyze and simulate landscape change, the default model should not be able to simulate the influence of landscape spatial pattern change on hydrological process of watershed, at the same time, researchers can divide slope zone. Improve the sensitivity of the model to land use with different slopes.
【作者单位】：郑州大学水利与环境学院;郑州大学自然资源与生态环境研究所;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助项目(40971128) 水体污染控制与治理专项课题资助项目(2011ZX07213-001)
【分类号】：F590.7

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