广汽自主品牌乘用车制动系统（制动器、摩擦片）的设计与匹配

发布时间：2018-05-01 11:07

本文选题：盘式制动器 + 制动噪声　；参考：《华南理工大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 广汽自主品牌乘用车车型定位和主要使用功能:本项目旨在开发一款兼顾家庭、公务等用途的中高级三厢式轿车,同时形成可供同级别拓展车型共享的底盘平台,该平台还可为跨级别拓展车型提供共享“架构”。首款产品为基于A6平台的五座三厢式轿车,适用于我国大部分地区的道路条件和气候条件。该车型应满足国家产品定型标准及其它强制性法规,并考虑欧美法规和标准。根据广汽自主品牌乘用车AC车型整车开发计划,AC车型制动系统在参考菲亚特A166轿车底盘制造平台的基础上进行开发设计。以选配2.0 TS发动机为基础。 AC车型的行车制动系统采用液压制动系统。前、后制动器分别为前通风盘式制动器和实心盘式制动器,制动踏板为吊挂式踏板,带真空助力器,制动管路为双回路对角线(X型)布置,采用ABS。驻车制动系统为机械式手动后盘式制动,采用远距离棘轮拉索操纵机构。因AC车型与参考样车菲亚特A166的整车参数接近,制动系统在A166基础上进行开发设计。AC车型的制动系统设计要符合GB 12676-1999《汽车制动系统结构、性能和试验方法》;GB 13594-2003《机动车和挂车防抱制动性能和试验方法》和GB 7258-2004《机动车运行安全技术条件》的要求,其中的踏板力要求≤500N,驻车制动停驻角度为20%(12),驻车制动操纵手柄力≤400N。对于一切行驶车辆来说,制动性能都是至关重要的,如果制动器设计不合理,摩擦材料老化或制动工况发生变化,制动时就可能引起强烈的振动,并伴随着噪声。产生制动噪声的因素很多,除去与摩擦片的组分和本身固有特性有关外,与制动器的主要组成部件—制动盘、制动钳体、背板等部件的特性也有关系,降低制动噪声应将整个制动器作为一个系统考虑。针对广汽AC轿车盘式制动器的制动尖叫问题,利用理论计算与实验相结合的方法,进行振动噪声测试,获得了制动器及其主要部件的振动信号和噪声信号;建立了制动器有限元分析模型,并利用模态实验对有限元模型进行了修正,确保了计算的准确性;将实验结果与理论计算结果进行比较,研究了制动噪声频率与制动器主要部件固有频率之间的关系,从而对制动器噪声问题进行探讨和研究。该方法同传统单一的实验方法相比,计算结果更为准确,有助于结构设计更加合理。全文主要从以下几个方面进行了阐述: 首先简单介绍了制动噪声和振动的基本理论、研究现状和发展趋势。然后通过台架实验,测试了各种制动工况下制动器的噪声信号和主要部件的振动信号;根据相关的分析理论和分析手段对该盘式制动器制动噪声进行了相应的频谱分析和相干分析,研究了相关部件振动信号与噪声信号之间的因果关系。以三维软件CATIA为平台,创建了该盘式制动器的三维实体模型。在分析软件MSC PATRAN/NASTRAN环境下,对该制动器模型进行了有限元分析,初步获得了各部件的固有频率和振型图。对主要部件进行了模态实验,获得了各部件的固有特性,并根据所测结果对有限元模型进行了检验和修正。最后,建立了较准确的制动器总成有限元模型,获得了固有频率和振型图。将频谱分析的结果与有限元计算的结果进行分析对比后发现,制动过程中的共振是该制动器产生制动噪声的主要原因。为进一步对制动器进行优化设计并最终降低制动噪声提供了依据。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this project is to develop a middle and high grade three van with both family and public service, and to form a chassis platform for the sharing of the same level model. The platform can also provide a shared "architecture" for the cross level development model. The first product is based on the A6 platform. The five three van sedan is applicable to the road conditions and climate conditions in most areas of our country. The model should meet the national product setting standards and other mandatory regulations, and consider the European and American regulations and standards.
According to the development plan of the AC vehicle, the AC vehicle brake system is designed on the basis of the Fiat A166 car chassis manufacturing platform, which is based on the selection of 2 TS engine.
The brake system of the AC vehicle adopts the hydraulic brake system. The former is the front ventilation disc brake and the solid disc brake, the brake pedal is hanging type pedal, the vacuum booster is carried, the brake line is double circuit diagonal (X type), and the ABS. parking brake system is the mechanical manual rear disc brake and the distance is used. The design of the brake system for the development design of the.AC model on the basis of A166 is consistent with the vehicle parameters of the AC model and the reference model Fiat A166. The design of the brake system for the design of the.AC model on the basis of A166 should conform to the structure of the GB 12676-1999< brake system, the performance and the test method >; GB 13594-2003 < the anti lock braking performance of the motor vehicle and the trailer and the test side. The requirements for the safety technical conditions of motor vehicle operation in law > and GB 7258-2004<, the pedal force requirement is less than 500N, the parking brake parking angle is 20% (12), and the force of the control handle of the parking brake is less than 400N.
For all driving vehicles, braking performance is very important. If the brake design is not reasonable, the friction material aging or the braking condition changes, the brake may cause strong vibration and the noise. There are many factors to produce the brake noise, which is related to the composition of the friction plate and its inherent characteristics. The main components of the actuator, the brake disc, the brake clamp body, the back plate and other components, are also related. The whole brake should be considered as a system to reduce the braking noise.
In view of the screaming problem of the disc brake of AC car of Guang Qi, the vibration and noise signals of the brake and its main components are obtained by combining the theoretical calculation with the experiment. The finite element analysis model of the brake is established and the finite element model is corrected by using the modal experiment. By comparing the experimental results with the theoretical results, the relationship between the frequency of the brake noise and the natural frequency of the main brake components is studied, and the noise of the brake is discussed and studied. The method is more accurate than the traditional single experimental method and is helpful to the design of the structure. The full text mainly elaborates from the following aspects:
Firstly, the basic theory, research status and development trend of brake noise and vibration are briefly introduced.
Then through the bench test, the noise signal of brake and the vibration signal of the main components are tested under various braking conditions. According to the related analysis theory and analysis methods, the corresponding spectrum analysis and coherent analysis are carried out on the brake noise of the disc brake, and the causality between the vibration signal and the noise signal of the related parts is studied. A three-dimensional solid model of the disc brake is created on the platform of 3D software CATIA. Under the environment of MSC PATRAN/NASTRAN analysis software, the finite element analysis of the brake model is carried out, and the natural frequencies and vibration patterns of the components are obtained. The modal experiments of the main components are carried out, and the inherent characteristics of the components are obtained. The finite element model is tested and corrected according to the measured results. Finally, a more accurate finite element model of the brake assembly is established, and the natural frequency and vibration pattern are obtained. The analysis and comparison of the results of the spectrum analysis and the results of the finite element analysis show that the resonance in the braking process is the main brake noise. It provides a basis for further optimizing the brake design and ultimately reducing brake noise.

【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：U463.5

【引证文献】