信息通信技术与减贫

发布时间：2018-07-25 06:16

【摘要】：贫穷是世界各地的发展中国家以及欠发达国家和地区所面临的严峻问颢,相些于发达国家,贫穷对发展中国家的影响尤其严重,全球发展委员会在对这个问题的严重性没有明显感知以及不了解贫穷在全球的濂畦地爵肆玉的蓓况下,无法对减轻贫困承担责任。现今,农村社区的问题是多维度的，包含缺乏健全的教育体制、医疗保证、低收入、滞后的天气预报一以及洪水等自热灾害的预报,鉴于农村地区独特的地理位置以及对市场场及价格的认知道，其产品的售价低于城市地区的产品售价。在发展中国家的信息系统领域的研究中.关于信息通信技术(ICT)在公民的政治参与、经济社会发展以及扶贫中所起的作用的研究比较活跃。而今,这些想法却偏离了对诘ICT高用的原始目的，将其用于奢侈产产品与服务领域,而忽略了它的重要性。在这种情况下,巴基斯坦的农村由于多重因素而成为了那些对ICT有较低接入和承寿能力的国家和地区之一。通过建立以计量经济学为基础的贫困评估逻辑模型,同时利用实证分析得出影响贫困的关键指标包括家庭条件以及人口统计量等。本文的得出的主要结论如下： (1)如果以正确的方式应用ICT付业对提高农村地区的生活水平有积极的影响。(2)信息通信技术服务可以为受教育程度低、经济边缘化的地区以及残障人士提供快速、便捷的途径获获取快速更新的信息以及平等的受教育机会,同时也对ICT在农村发展中的作用认可提供一个经验和知识分享的平台。通过对信息通信技术的正确应用,农业投入可以直接将产品和服务交易给目标客户,对农业投入的新增市场机会,产品将在随着电子竞拍发展及市场中间人去除的情况下进行直接交易,以及对农村地区知识的普及传播,都将一一实现。(3)以短期来看,增加对信息通信技术的应用将降低3%的贫困，而在长期,ICT的应用与贫困之间也具有积极正向的影响关系。较强的作用，，主要理论基础为信息通信技术对经济增长和减轻贫困方面有着比较强的作用,主要创新点包括：(1)鉴于巴基斯坦农村贫困状况的严重性,本文选定若干巴基斯坦村庄作为样本,并对其进行评估,调查方式包括直接(面对面)以及间接(通过互联网)方式,得出了贫困是影响巴基斯坦村庄信息化发展的主要因素。(2)本文利用计量经济学中的协整关系来研究。ICT对减轻贫困上的影响,创建了以远程计算中心模型为基础的ICT模型，该模型定义了各个协整变量之间的长期均衡关系。(3)通过对模型的验证,同时基于对ICT如何在减轻巴基斯坦农村地区的贫困状况中发挥作用的研究,找到了利用ICT技术提高农村地区的生活水平、受教育程度,直接将ICT产品和服务交易给目标客户,ICT对农业投入的新增市场机会等因素对农村贫困的改善有积极影响。
[Abstract]:Poverty is a grim question faced by developing countries and underdeveloped countries and regions around the world. In some developed countries, poverty has a particularly serious impact on developing countries. The Global Development Commission has no obvious perception of the seriousness of this problem and is not able to solve the problem of poverty and poverty in the world. The law is responsible for reducing poverty. Nowadays, the problem of rural communities is multidimensional, including the lack of a sound educational system, medical guarantee, low income, lagging weather forecast and flood forecasting. In view of the unique geographical location of the rural area and the recognition of the market field and price, the price of its products is lower than that of the city. In the field of information systems in developing countries, the research on the role of information and communication technology (ICT) in the political participation of citizens, economic and social development and poverty alleviation is relatively active. These ideas are now deviated from the original purpose of high use of ICT and used in luxury products and services. In this case, in this case, Pakistan's rural areas have become one of the countries and regions that have lower access and longevity to ICT because of multiple factors.
By establishing the logic model of poverty assessment based on Econometrics, and using empirical analysis, the key indicators that affect poverty include family conditions and population statistics. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows:
(1) if the application of ICT payment in the right way has a positive impact on improving the living standards of rural areas. (2) information and communication technology services can provide rapid and convenient access to rapid and updated information as well as equal access to educational opportunities for low educated, economically marginalized areas and disabled people, as well as ICT The role in rural development provides a platform for experience and knowledge sharing. Through the correct application of information and communication technology, agricultural inputs can directly trade products and services to target customers, new market opportunities for agricultural input, and products will be carried out with the development of electronic auction and the removal of intermediaries in the market. Direct transactions and the spread of knowledge in rural areas will be implemented one by one. (3) in the short term, increasing the application of information and communication technology will reduce poverty by 3%, and in the long run, there is a positive and positive relationship between the application of ICT and poverty.
The main theoretical basis is that information and communication technology has a strong role in economic growth and poverty reduction. The main innovation points include: (1) in view of the seriousness of poverty in rural areas of Pakistan, this paper selects several Pakistan villages as samples and evaluates them, including direct (face-to-face) methods. And indirectly (through the Internet), it is concluded that poverty is the main factor affecting the development of information technology in Pakistan village. (2) this paper uses the cointegration relationship in econometrics to study the impact of.ICT on poverty reduction, and creates a ICT model based on the remote computing center model, which defines the various cointegration variables. The long-term equilibrium relationship. (3) through the verification of the model, and based on the research on how ICT plays a role in reducing poverty in rural areas of Pakistan, it has found the use of ICT technology to improve the living standard of rural areas, the degree of education, the direct trade of ICT products and services to the target customers, and the addition of ICT to the agricultural input. Market opportunities and other factors have a positive impact on the improvement of rural poverty.
【学位授予单位】：北京邮电大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F224;F113.9;F623

【共引文献】