互联网行业反垄断管制必要性的再判断

发布时间：2018-09-06 08:29

【摘要】：按照传统标准,互联网行业已经具有了垄断特征,属于反垄断的对象。但互联网行业良好的发展态势为反垄断管制必要性的判断带来了疑问。对垄断界定的传统方法建立在工业经济基础上,在互联网行业的实际运用中存在困难。本文以反垄断的经济学工具"三阶段理论"为分析框架,从互联网行业相关市场界定、垄断势力的实际测量、福利变动理论分析三个方面对行业反垄断必要性进行了重新判断。研究发现:(1)行业微观层面的生态竞争与分层垄断竞争的市场结构使"相关市场"概念不适用,在反垄断过程中应弱化这一概念;(2)行业虽有垄断结构却不具有垄断势力,即没有实际的垄断行为;(3)行业的福利没有明显的降低,甚至对于消费者来说可能还会有所提高。这三点说明,针对互联网行业的反垄断管制必要性不高,可以采取较为宽松的管制政策。
[Abstract]:According to the traditional standard, the Internet industry has the monopoly characteristic, belongs to the antitrust object. But the good development trend of the Internet industry brings doubt to the judgment of the necessity of anti-monopoly regulation. The traditional method of defining monopoly is based on the industrial economic base and has difficulties in the practical application of the Internet industry. Based on the three-stage theory, an economic tool of anti-monopoly, this paper rejudges the necessity of anti-monopoly from three aspects: the definition of relevant market in Internet industry, the actual measurement of monopoly power, and the analysis of welfare change theory. It is found that: (1) the market structure of ecological competition and stratified monopoly competition makes the concept of "related market" not applicable, and should be weakened in the process of antitrust; (2) although the industry has a monopoly structure, it does not have monopoly power. That is, there is no actual monopoly; (3) there is no significant decline in industry welfare, even for consumers it may also increase. These three points indicate that the anti-monopoly regulation for the Internet industry is not necessary, so we can adopt relatively loose regulation policy.
【作者单位】：中央财经大学中国互联网经济研究院首都互联网经济发展研究基地;中央财经大学信息学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金重大项目“‘互联网+’推动经济转型机理与对策研究”(15ZDC024)、国家社会科学基金重点项目“信息网络技术对市场决定资源配置的影响研究”(14AZD118) 中央财经大学研究生创新基金“垄断:是否导致福利损失?——基于互联网经济形态的视角”(201525)资助
【分类号】：D922.294;F49

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