基于现代物流的铁路零担货物运营网络优化设计

发布时间：2018-01-25 08:49

本文关键词： 铁路零担货物运营网络全程物流网点布局货源分配　出处：《北京交通大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国铁路零担货运经历了繁荣期、衰退期,再到如今的发展新时期,在铁路零担运量急剧减小的情况下,2013年铁路提出货运组织改革,货运站重新开放办理零担货物,对新时期的零担货运提出了更高的要求。随着我国社会物流企业迅猛发展,现代物流理念及技术被广泛重视及应用的今天,铁路零担货运难以满足现代物流发展要求的弊端愈发凸显。铁路零担货物运营网络作为货物经营及流动的载体,对货运服务质量起着决定性的作用,为适应现代物流的发展趋势,对铁路零担货物运营网络进行优化设计,具有重要的理论意义和实际应用价值。本文在以现代物流思想为原则,充分考虑铁路零担货运的特点,以缩短运输时间、完善运输服务、提高铁路竞争力为目的,对铁路零担货物运营网络进行如下研究： (1)研究我国铁路零担货物运营网络的演变。以2006年取消零担中转业务和2013年铁路货运组织改革为重要时间节点,分析铁路零担货运三个发展阶段运营网络的特点及发展趋势,为网络设计及优化提供依据。 (2)分析现代物流思想对我国铁路零担货物运营网络的影响。在深入研究现代物流发展的基础上,研究目前我国铁路零担货物运营网络存在的不足,确定网络优化的着手点,分析为提升铁路自身竞争力,优化设计铁路零担货物运营网络的必然性。 (3)优化设计铁路零担货物经营网络。重点研究经营网点的布局,以快速响应、满足客户需求为原则,合理选取若干影响网点布局的因素,设计两阶段优化方法,首先二维分析方法确定城市网点需求总数,然后以整体运输需求下时间效用和经济效用为目标建立模型,确定网点合理分布。 (4)优化设计铁路零担货物运输网络。首先优化门到站集疏货运输网络,以物流全程化、货源集中化为原则,设计并优化门到站集疏货运输的几种运输模式；其次优化站到站干线运输,重点研究零担货物的货源分配方法,从而达到集中货源的目的,以货物到站运输经济效益最大和货物在站集结时间最短为优化目标建立多目标0-1规划模型,求得各货运站分别适合办理哪些流向的零担货物,最后通过案例分析验证方法的优化性及可行性。
[Abstract]:In 2013, the railway freight transportation reform was put forward in 2013 when the railway freight transport of the railway has experienced a prosperous period, a recession period, and now the development of a new period, in the case of a sharp reduction in the volume of railway freight cargoes. With the rapid development of China's social logistics enterprises, modern logistics concepts and technologies have been widely paid attention to and applied today. The drawback of railway freight transportation which is difficult to meet the requirements of modern logistics development is becoming more and more prominent. As the carrier of cargo operation and flow, railway cargo network plays a decisive role in the quality of freight transport services. In order to adapt to the development trend of modern logistics, it is of great theoretical significance and practical application value to optimize the design of railway cargoes operation network. This article takes the modern logistics thought as the principle, fully considers the railway carload freight characteristic, in order to shorten the transportation time, consummates the transportation service, enhances the railway competition ability as the goal. The following studies have been carried out on the railway cargoes operation network: 1) to study the evolution of railway cargoes operation network in China. The important time node is to cancel the partial freight transit service on 2006 and to reform the railway freight transport organization in 2013. This paper analyzes the characteristics and development trend of railway partial freight transport operation network in three stages of development, and provides the basis for network design and optimization. 2) analyzing the influence of modern logistics thought on railway cargoes operation network in China. On the basis of deeply studying the development of modern logistics, this paper studies the shortcomings of railway cargoes operation network in our country at present. This paper determines the starting point of network optimization and analyzes the inevitability of optimizing the railway cargoes operation network in order to enhance the railway competitiveness and optimize the design of railway cargoes operation network. 3) optimizing the design of railway cargoes management network, focusing on the layout of operation network, taking quick response and satisfying customer demand as the principle, reasonably selecting some factors that affect the distribution of network. The two-stage optimization method is designed. Firstly, the total number of urban network demand is determined by two-dimensional analysis method, and then the time utility and economic utility under the overall transportation demand are taken as the goal to establish a model to determine the reasonable distribution of the network. First, optimize the door-to-station collection and sparse freight transportation network, take the logistics as a whole process, and centralize the source of goods as the principle. Design and optimize several transportation modes of door-to-station transportation; Secondly, optimize the trunk line transportation of station to station, and focus on the distribution method of cargo source of cargoes, so as to achieve the purpose of centralizing the source of goods. Taking the maximum economic benefit of cargo arrival and the shortest assembling time of goods at the station as the optimization objective, a multi-objective 0-1 planning model is established to find out which flow direction of cargo is suitable for each freight station. Finally, the optimization and feasibility of the method are verified by case study.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F532.6;U294.4

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