论蚂蚁效应与数字经济——对羊群效应否命题的分析与应用

发布时间：2018-01-12 07:27

本文关键词：论蚂蚁效应与数字经济——对羊群效应否命题的分析与应用　出处：《经济学家》2017年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：个体理性与群体理性的关系,是行为经济学研究的一个焦点问题。文章提出并论述了蚂蚁效应,指出社会化群体中的个体无理性可以形成群体理性。蚂蚁社群由蚂蚁个体及其信息素、简单规则和有限空间构成,蚂蚁效应则表现为基于个体简单行为的交互作用所构建出的群体聚类、群体智能与群体意志。文章分析了个体理性与群体理性的思辨关系,对个体理性形成群体无理性的羊群效应进行了基于生态理性的反向思考,指出蚂蚁效应是羊群效应的否命题。文章给出了蚂蚁效应的基本原理,系统阐释了蚂蚁效应的分析框架,并从行为经济学角度进行了形式证明。最后分析了网络营销、共享经济、社交平台等数字经济下蚂蚁效应的若干具体表现形态和作用形式,指出蚂蚁效应可能产生群体理性跨界与社会思潮失控等问题,并给出了对策建议和未来研究方向。
[Abstract]:The relationship between individual rationality and collective rationality, is a research focus in behavioral economics. The paper puts forward and discusses the effect of ants, pointed out that the individual irrational social groups can be formed by the ants. The ants community group rational individual and pheromone, simple rules and limited space, ant effect showed group clustering the interaction of individual behavior based on the simple construct, swarm intelligence and the group will. This paper analyzes the speculative relationship between individual rationality and collective rationality, individual rationality to form the group without rational herding in the reverse thinking of ecological rationality based on ant herding effect is pointed out. The article gives the basic proposition the principle of ant effect, explains the framework of ant effect, and the form of proof from the perspective of behavioral economics. Finally analyzed the network marketing, Co Some specific forms and forms of ant effect under the digital economy such as economy, social platform and so on are pointed out. It is pointed out that ant effect may lead to problems such as group rationality transboundary and social ideological losing control. Finally, countermeasures and suggestions and future research directions are given.

【作者单位】：中国人民大学发展中国家经济研究中心;麻省理工学院社会科技研究中心;陕西科技大学;
【分类号】：F49
【正文快照】： 一、问题的提出个体理性与集体理性之间的关系,是行为经济学、行为金融学、博弈论等经济学科的重要研究范畴。从仿生学或者生态理性角度研究人类社会个体与群体之间行为关系比较知名的应该是羊群效应(Herd Effect),其核心观点是个体理性会因为从众行为形成群体无理性。对从众

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