多媒体状态下的舆论反转研究

发布时间：2018-01-19 01:20

本文关键词： 多媒体状态舆论反转模式肯定否定式修补还原式　出处：《浙江传媒学院》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来大家越来越重视舆论反转的现象,以往的传统媒体发表新闻之前会严格把关筛选新闻事件,核对新闻事实,正确引导舆论。而现在部分的传统媒体在新媒体与自媒体的冲击下、市场经济的压力之下,为了收视率、收听率开始与一些市场主体相融合,利用自身媒体的属性发布带有营销性质的新闻,甚至不顾事实真相,颠倒黑白把新闻当作赚钱的工具,以低俗姿态迎合部分公众进行新闻营销,误导公众发表不恰当的舆论,虚假新闻、有偿新闻大行其道,而新闻真相却失声,引发公众的不满与失望,且公众在单向传播的环境中无处发泄不满情绪。多媒体状态是指传统媒体、新媒体及自媒体等各个媒体对新闻事件进行共同传播,影响新闻事件的发展进程,影响公众对新闻事件的认知与态度,从而对舆论反转具有一定程度上的影响。多媒体的出现尤其是新媒体与自媒体的发展赋予了公众前所未有的话语权,公众可以自由公开发表舆论、表达情绪。部分媒体为了发表独家新闻,吸引更多的公众,把关环节不严谨或者忽略把关环节快速发布新闻,直接传播给公众,新闻细节的不完善、事实的不完整造成反转新闻不断的出现,公众的舆论也跟随着不断的反转,无反转不新闻的现象逐渐被公众认知,公众对部分媒体的公信力逐渐产生怀疑。舆论是我们社会的皮肤,媒体和意见领袖引导公众发表恰当的舆论有利于维持社会稳定的运转,舆论反转可以帮助公众正确及时判断是非对错,针对新闻事件中的是非对错进行理性判断和评价,公众发表恰当的舆论有助于还清事实的真相原貌,并且舆论反转有利于媒体及时弥补报道的错误内容、修补完善报道内容,加强提高媒介素养。不断产生舆论反转的现象也容易造成部分媒体的公信力下降,在报道新闻事件时,公众会怀疑新闻的真伪,怀疑这些媒体是为了自己的利益或者他人利益在发声。在当下众声喧哗的舆论场中,当新闻事件被报道后公众发表舆论,随着后续的报道逐渐还原事实真相,舆论发生反转,公众的态度也发生转变,新闻事件不断修补还原报道后的舆论也伴随着反转变化,在这舆论反转的过程中,不断产生舆论反转现象容易造成公众对媒体的信任下降,公众对媒体的新闻报道的信任度越来越低,舆论不断反转对公众、媒体、社会造成不小的影响。笔者总结了在多媒体状态下大体上的舆论反转过程会产生两种模式:肯定否定式与修补还原式,研究这两种舆论反转模式可以认识到大体的舆论反转的特点、产生舆论反转的原因、以及舆论反转带来的影响,给予媒体更加充分的认识舆论反转现象,减少因自己的不恰当的传播行为而造成的舆论反转现象,所以,研究多媒体状态下的舆论反转现象具有重要的理论和现实意义。
[Abstract]:In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to the phenomenon of public opinion reversal. In the past, the traditional media would strictly screen news events and check the news facts before publishing news. Now part of the traditional media under the impact of new media and self-media, under the pressure of the market economy, in order to ratings, listening rate began to merge with some market subjects. Using their own media attributes to publish news with the nature of marketing, or even ignore the truth, reverse the black and white news as a tool to make money, with a vulgar attitude to cater to part of the public news marketing. Misleading the public to publish inappropriate public opinion, false news, paid news is popular, but the news truth is silent, causing public dissatisfaction and disappointment. And the public has nowhere to vent their discontent in the one-way communication environment. Multimedia state refers to the traditional media, new media and self-media and other media to jointly spread news events, affecting the development of news events. The emergence of multimedia, especially the development of new media and self-media, gives the public an unprecedented right to speak. The public can freely and openly publish public opinion and express their emotions. In order to publish exclusive news and attract more public, the gatekeeper is not strict or neglects the gateways to release news quickly and spread it directly to the public. The news details are not perfect, the fact is incomplete, the reverse news appears constantly, the public opinion also follows the unceasing reversal, the phenomenon of no reverse news is gradually recognized by the public. Public opinion is the skin of our society, and the media and opinion leaders guide the public to publish appropriate public opinion, which is conducive to the maintenance of social stability. Public opinion reversal can help the public to judge the right and wrong in time, to judge and evaluate the right and wrong in the news events rationally, and to release the public opinion is helpful to clear the truth of the facts. And the public opinion reversal can help the media timely make up the wrong content of the report, repair and perfect the report content, strengthen the improvement of media literacy. The phenomenon of public opinion reversal is also easy to cause the decline of the credibility of some media. In reporting news events, the public will doubt the truth of the news, suspect that these media are speaking for their own interests or for the benefit of others. When the news event is reported, the public opinion is published, with the subsequent report gradually restore the truth, public opinion reverses, the public attitude also changes. The public opinion after the news event restores the report continuously also has the reversal change, in this public opinion reversal process, unceasingly produces the public opinion reversal phenomenon easy to cause the public to the media trust decline. The public trust in the news reports of the media is getting lower and lower, and the public opinion is constantly reversing to the public, the media. The author summarizes that the general public opinion reversal process under the multimedia condition will produce two modes: affirmative negation and repair reduction. The study of these two modes of public opinion reversal can recognize the characteristics of the general public opinion reversal, the causes of the public opinion reversal, as well as the impact of the public opinion reversal, and give the media a fuller understanding of the phenomenon of public opinion reversal. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the phenomenon of public opinion reversal under the condition of multimedia.
【学位授予单位】：浙江传媒学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G206

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