基于知识创造视角的企业边界扩张研究

发布时间：2018-03-29 02:32

本文选题：企业边界二重性　切入点：知识创造　出处：《中央民族大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：企业边界一直以来都是现代企业理论研究的核心问题,对于企业边界的探讨其实远早于《企业的性质》的诞生。斯密在《国富论》中提出他的劳动分工观点,很好解释了企业规模扩大的这一问题,并认为分工会导致知识的积累和技术的进步。之后的新古典经济学将数学方式作为其主要的研究方式,企业根据利润最大化的原则来选择自己的生产规模,技术被当作外生变量来推动企业规模的扩大,而企业内部则处于“黑箱状态”。古典经济学和新古典经济学并没有明确企业边界这一概念,但是不难看出的是,在当时社会背景下的企业边界等于企业的实体规模,而技术进步也确实推动了企业规模的扩大。科斯于1937年出版的《企业的性质》奠定了现代企业理论的基础,科斯认为影响企业边界的因素是交易费用,即通过对企业内部管理费用和市场交易费用进行比较来决定企业边界的变化方向,威廉姆森对科斯的思想进行了进一步的深化,从资产专用性、交易频率以及交易不确定性三个角度来研究了企业的一体化行为,交易费用理论背后透露出了信息技术滞后所引发的信息不对称等问题。始于20世纪80年代的企业能力理论从核心能力、稀缺资源等角度对企业边界进行了研究,强调了企业的能力边界。随着学者对企业边界研究的不断深化和拓展,知识在这些理论中所起的作用得到了越来越多的关注。传统企业边界理论将企业边界等同于企业的实体规模,认为企业边界只具有一重性。然而随着知识创造影响的日渐加剧,企业边界趋向于模糊化——企业边界不再完全等同于实体规模,而是表现为基于实体规模的实体边界和基于核心能力及组织方式的虚拟边界的总和。企业边界模糊化的表现形式为基于实体规模之上的企业创新能力、管理范围等成为了衡量企业边界的重要因素,企业边界从一重性向二重性转变。在这转变的背后是知识创造带来的组织方式创新、技术创新、产品创新以及营销创新对于企业的深刻影响,因此本文将基于知识创造视角对于企业边界的扩张进行研究。本文分为五个部分：绪论部分介绍了本文的研究背景及意义、创新点以及研究方法和思路；第一章为文献综述,包含了概念界定以及对己有的企业边界论进行评述；第二章提出了企业边界从一重性向二重性的发展；第三章研究了知识创造的机制及应用,进而探讨了对企业边界扩张的影响,并例举了苹果公司的案例；第四章则进一步探讨了知识创造、企业边界扩大、产业结构升级以及内生经济增长的之间的联系,并从企业和政府层面提出了促进企业边界扩大和产业结构升级的建议。
[Abstract]:Enterprise boundary has always been the core problem of modern enterprise theory. The discussion of enterprise boundary is far earlier than the birth of Enterprise Nature. Smith put forward his idea of division of labor in Wealth of Nations. A good explanation of the expansion of the size of the enterprise, and the view that the division of trade unions lead to the accumulation of knowledge and technological progress. After the neo-classical economics of mathematics as its main research methods, Enterprises choose their own production scale according to the principle of profit maximization, and technology is regarded as exogenous variable to promote the expansion of enterprise scale. Classical economics and neoclassical economics do not clearly define the concept of enterprise boundary, but it is not difficult to see that in the social background at that time, the enterprise boundary is equal to the enterprise entity scale. Coase published the Nature of Enterprises in 1937, which laid the foundation of modern enterprise theory. Coase believed that the factor affecting the enterprise boundary was transaction cost. That is to say, through the comparison of internal management expenses and market transaction costs, Williamson further deepens Coase's thought, from the perspective of asset specificity, to determine the changing direction of enterprise boundary. From the perspective of transaction frequency and transaction uncertainty, this paper studies the integration behavior of enterprises. The problem of information asymmetry caused by the lag of information technology is revealed behind the transaction cost theory. The enterprise capability theory, which began in the 1980s, has studied the enterprise boundary from the angle of core competence, scarce resources and so on. The capability boundary of the enterprise is emphasized. With the deepening and expanding of the research on the enterprise boundary, The role of knowledge in these theories has been paid more and more attention. The traditional enterprise boundary theory equates the firm boundary with the firm's entity scale, and holds that the firm boundary has only one nature. However, with the increasing influence of knowledge creation, the enterprise boundary has become more and more important. The enterprise boundary tends to blur-the enterprise boundary is no longer exactly equal to the physical scale, It is the sum of entity boundary based on entity scale and virtual boundary based on core competence and organization mode. The expression of enterprise boundary blurring is enterprise innovation ability based on entity scale. The scope of management has become an important factor to measure the enterprise boundary, and the enterprise boundary has changed from one nature to two. Behind this change are the innovation of organization and technology brought about by knowledge creation. Product innovation and marketing innovation have a profound impact on enterprises, so this paper will study the expansion of enterprise boundaries from the perspective of knowledge creation. This paper is divided into five parts: the introduction introduces the research background and significance of this paper. The first chapter is the literature review, which includes the definition of the concept and the review of the existing enterprise boundary theory, the second chapter puts forward the development of the enterprise boundary from one to two. The third chapter studies the mechanism and application of knowledge creation, and then discusses the impact on the expansion of enterprise boundaries, and gives an example of the case of Apple, the fourth chapter further discusses the knowledge creation, the expansion of enterprise boundaries. The relationship between industrial structure upgrading and endogenous economic growth, and the suggestions to promote the expansion of enterprise boundary and the upgrading of industrial structure are put forward from the level of enterprise and government.
【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F272

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