某企业血压正常高值员工高血压危险因素分析

发布时间：2018-11-17 15:18

【摘要】：目的探索工作场所血压正常高值员工高血压危险因素,为基于工作场所的高血压防控提供证据。方法对参加了2012年公司体检的某企业员工进行问卷调查,收集了5743名员工的体检及生活方式信息,用χ~2检验和Logistic回归分别对血压正常高值的危险因素进行单因素和多因素分析。结果企业员工血压正常高值检出率为54.1%(2021/3735),18~39岁和40~59员工分别为48.6%(1040/2142)和61.5%(979/1593),且以管理和技术类员工最高。员工对每日限盐和肥胖的BMI范围知晓率分别约为22.0%和10.0%。男性(OR=1.91,95%CI:1.60~2.28)、年龄较大(OR=1.72,95%CI:1.49~1.97)、经常饮酒(OR=1.49,95%CI:1.14~1.93)、超重肥胖(OR=1.92,95%CI:1.66~2.23)以及现在吸烟(OR=1.19,95%CI:1.01~1.40)是不同岗位员工血压正常高值的危险因素,但不同岗位员工血压正常高值危险因素的特点也略有不同,膳食偏咸是管理类员工重要的危险因素(χ~2=5.259,P=0.024),工作压力是营销类员工重要的危险因素(χ~2=4.914,P=0.029)。临时性工作多、工作职责繁杂和部门协调难度大是工作压力大的前3位原因。结论企业员工血压正常高值检出率高于全国平均水平,且不同岗位员工有不同的危险因素特点,应根据这些特点开展针对性的干预措施。
[Abstract]:Objective to explore the risk factors of high blood pressure in the workplace and provide evidence for the prevention and control of hypertension in the workplace. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among the employees of a company who participated in the physical examination of the company in 2012. The information of physical examination and life style of 5743 employees were collected. The single factor and multivariate analysis were used to analyze the risk factors of normal high blood pressure by 蠂 ~ 2 test and Logistic regression, respectively. Results the positive rate of normal blood pressure was 54.1% (2021 / 3735), 48.6% (1040 / 2142) and 61.5% (979 / 1593), respectively. The BMI awareness rates of daily salt limit and obesity were about 22.0% and 10.0%, respectively. Men (OR=1.91,95%CI:1.60~2.28), older (OR=1.72,95%CI:1.49~1.97), frequent drinkers (OR=1.49,95%CI:1.14~1.93), Overweight and obesity (OR=1.92,95%CI:1.66~2.23) and current smoking (OR=1.19,95%CI:1.01~1.40) are risk factors for normalcy of blood pressure among workers in different positions. However, the characteristics of normal high blood pressure risk factors were also slightly different in different positions. Salt diet was an important risk factor for management workers (蠂 ~ 2 ~ 2 ~ (5.259) P ~ (0. 024), and job stress was an important risk factor for marketing staff (蠂 ~ (2) = 4.914). P0. 029) More temporary work, complex work responsibilities and difficult coordination are the top three reasons for the pressure. Conclusion the detection rate of normal high blood pressure of employees in enterprises is higher than the average level of the whole country, and the employees in different positions have different characteristics of risk factors. The intervention measures should be carried out according to these characteristics.
【作者单位】：北京大学公共卫生学院;
【分类号】：R544.1

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