我国公务员推行廉洁年金制度研究

发布时间：2018-02-20 19:37

本文关键词： 廉洁年金制度腐败激励对策　出处：《中央民族大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：腐败问题是世界各国在政府治理和廉政建设过程中始终无法回避的棘手问题。近年来,我国步入社会转型的关键时期,各项制度的改革都在有序推进,以应对国际竞争中一系列的机遇与挑战。在改革的攻坚阶段,腐败的滋生往往会阻碍国家向前发展的步伐,造成国家财政资源的浪费,同时会削弱国家的公信力,影响我国公务员树立人民公仆的形象,最终难以赢得公民的广泛拥护,不利于我国和谐社会的实现。在这种背景下,为减少腐败的危害,激励公务员廉政勤政,我国以新加坡的中央公积金制度为借鉴,从2000年开始尝试引入廉洁年金的设计思路。经过多年的改革探索和试点经验积累,2013年国务院发展研究中心正式在“383”改革方案中提出设立公务员的廉洁年金制度。随着十八大以来党中央反腐进程的逐步深入,反腐力度的不断提升,越来越多的腐败官员为自己的违纪行为付出了沉重的代价,其中甚至牵扯到国家级的领导人,空前的反腐态度不但维护了国家的法律权威,更让公民看到了新一届政府与腐败作斗争的决心和勇气。然而,我国廉洁年金制度的发展并不是一帆风顺的。纵观这一制度十五年的发展历程,由于多是来自地方政府的尝试,一直缺少国家层面详细的顶层设计方案,使廉洁年金制度始终深陷舆论的争议,也难以真正发挥效用。现行的廉洁年金制度缺少法律依据,同时在运行的环节,很多城市一直没有设定具体的缴纳、扣罚标准,对于重大错误或者腐败行为的概念范畴也无法明确界定。此外廉洁年金制度的监督多属于内部监督,监督者往往服从于被监督者,极容易出现监督失效的情况。而一项制度取得效果是需要政治、文化、经济等多个方面的配合,显然廉洁年金制度在配套措施完善方面也还有很大的运作空间。因此,如何把握廉洁年金制度的合法性,并设计合理的制度运行机制和配套措施?怎样通过强化监督来杜绝腐败的反复性,把治理腐败从传统的事后惩罚转换到事前预防,最终让公务员群体在意识上由“不敢贪”过度到“不愿贪”?这些都是廉洁年金制度在今后的运用中需要考虑的方向。本文将带着以上疑问,结合最新的政策导向,从廉洁年金制度的概念界定和改革历程入手,分析当前形势下推行公务员廉洁年金制度的必要性和可行性,在此基础上归纳总结我国廉洁年金制度探索阶段所反映出的具体问题,并充分借鉴新加坡、香港、丹麦等国家和地区的廉政建设经验,最终对如何构建符合我国国情的廉洁年金制度提出适当的对策和建议。
[Abstract]:Corruption is a thorny problem that countries all over the world can not avoid in the process of government governance and clean government construction. In recent years, China has stepped into a critical period of social transformation, and the reform of various systems is advancing in an orderly manner. In order to cope with a series of opportunities and challenges in international competition. In the critical stage of reform, the breeding of corruption will often hinder the pace of national development, resulting in a waste of national financial resources, and at the same time weakening the credibility of the country. In order to reduce the harm of corruption and encourage civil servants to be honest and diligent in order to reduce the harm of corruption, it is difficult to win the widespread support of citizens and is not conducive to the realization of harmonious society. Our country draws lessons from Singapore's central provident fund system. Since 2000, we have tried to introduce the design idea of clean annuity. After many years of reform exploration and experimental experience accumulation, the State Council Development Research Center formally put forward the establishment of civil servants' clean annuity system in the "383" reform plan in 2013. With the gradual deepening of the anti-corruption process of the CPC Central Committee since the 18 National Congress, With the continuous improvement of anti-corruption efforts, more and more corrupt officials have paid a heavy price for their disciplinary violations, even involving leaders at the national level. The unprecedented anti-corruption attitude has not only safeguarded the legal authority of the state, The citizens have also seen the determination and courage of the new government to fight corruption. However, the development of the clean annuity system in our country has not been smooth. Throughout the 15-year development of this system, because most of the attempts have come from local governments, There has been a lack of detailed top-level designs at the national level, so that the clean annuity system has always been mired in controversy in public opinion, and it is also difficult to really play its role. The current clean annuity system lacks a legal basis and at the same time is in the process of operation. Many cities have not set specific payment standards, withheld penalty standards, and have no clear definition of the conceptual scope of major mistakes or corrupt practices. In addition, most of the supervision of the clean pension system belongs to internal oversight. Supervisors are often subject to supervision, so it is very easy for them to fail in supervision. However, the effect of a system requires cooperation from political, cultural, economic, and other aspects. It is obvious that the clean annuity system also has a lot of room for operation in improving the supporting measures. Therefore, how to grasp the legitimacy of the clean annuity system and design a reasonable system operation mechanism and supporting measures? How to stop the repetition of corruption by strengthening supervision, and to change the treatment of corruption from traditional punishment after the event to prevention beforehand, and finally to make the civil servant group from "not greedy" to "unwilling to corrupt" in consciousness? These are the directions to be considered in the future application of the clean annuity system. With the above questions and the latest policy guidance, this paper begins with the definition and reform of the clean annuity system. This paper analyzes the necessity and feasibility of carrying out the civil service clean annuity system under the current situation, and on this basis summarizes the concrete problems reflected in the exploration stage of our country's clean annuity system, and fully draws lessons from Singapore and Hong Kong. The experience of building a clean government in Denmark and other countries and regions finally puts forward appropriate countermeasures and suggestions on how to construct a clean annuity system in accordance with the national conditions of our country.
【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D630.9

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