网络民主背景下多数人暴政的政府治理

发布时间：2018-02-25 16:45

  本文关键词： 网络民主 多数人暴政 合作治理 服务型政府　出处：《北京化工大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：互联网作为20世纪最伟大的发明之一，在诞生的短短40年时间里深刻影响着人们的生产和生活。随着进入Web2.0“自媒体”网络时代,网民可以以文字、图片、视频等方式充分表达观点、超时空自由交流,网络空间正孕育着更为强大的民主形式。然而,伴随着网络民主如火如茶的快速发展一直受人追捧的网络民主却在有些情境下容易走向自身的阴暗面——网络多数人暴政：即由“人肉搜索”、网络语言暴力、网络谣言、网络戏谑等构成的网民集体非理性行动,对少数人正当合法权益造成的侵害行为。网络多数人暴政现象的产生带给网络本身、个人和社会诸多方面的负面影响。对此,我们可以从技术支持、社会因素、网络服务提供者、政府和网民自身等多方面来探寻导致网络多数人暴政的根源所在。同时,其他国家政府在这一领域合理有效的社会治理经验,也能够为我国治理网络多数人暴政提供有益的借鉴。当前,我国公民社会已初步建立,人们的民主意识正逐步兴起,社会主义市场经济的建构与完善正逐步改变着我国的社会治理生态,与此同时,人类社会正在从“工业社会”向“后工业社会”推进,“管理型”政府所依托的“单中心”的社会治理结构正逐渐被多元治理主体共同合作的治理架构所取代,政府也将实现“服务型政府”的根本转变。“服务型政府”与合作治理的理念必将改变和塑造着公共行政的治理实践。面对当前我国网络民主当中存在的多数人暴政,现有的政府治理在治理理念、政府职能角色的合理界定、技术控制、法律规制等方面都存在着诸多困境。政府只有通过构建和完善多元治理主体共同合作的新型治理架构,并真正担负起服务与引导的功能,才能够寻求有效的解决路径,对网络多数人暴政现象加以遏制,进而推进新型网络民主的构建与生成。
[Abstract]:As one of the greatest inventions in 20th century, the Internet has deeply influenced people's production and life in the short 40 years since it was born. With the entry of the Web2.0 "self-media" Internet age, Internet users can use words and pictures. Video and other ways to fully express their views, free communication in time and space, cyberspace is pregnant with a more powerful form of democracy. However, With the rapid development of Internet democracy, which has been popular with people, it is easy to go to the dark side of its own in some situations: "Human flesh search," Internet language violence, Internet rumors, The collective irrational actions of Internet users, such as network banter, have infringed on the legitimate rights and interests of a few people. The emergence of the phenomenon of tyranny of the majority of people on the network has brought negative effects to the network itself, individuals and many aspects of society. We can explore the root causes of the tyranny of the majority of people on the Internet from the aspects of technical support, social factors, network service providers, governments and Internet users themselves. At the same time, The reasonable and effective social governance experience of other governments in this field can also provide a useful reference for the tyranny of the majority of people in China's governance network. At present, our civil society has been preliminarily established, and people's democratic consciousness is gradually rising. The construction and perfection of the socialist market economy is gradually changing the social governance ecology of our country, at the same time, Human society is advancing from "industrial society" to "post-industrial society". The "single-center" social governance structure, which is relied on by the "management" government, is gradually replaced by the governance structure in which multiple governance subjects cooperate together. The government will also realize the fundamental transformation of "service-oriented government". The concept of "service-oriented government" and cooperative governance will certainly change and shape the governance practice of public administration. The existing government governance has many difficulties in the aspects of governance concept, reasonable definition of government function role, technical control, legal regulation and so on. Only by taking on the function of service and guidance can we seek an effective solution to curb the tyranny of the majority of people on the network and then promote the construction and generation of a new type of network democracy.
【学位授予单位】：北京化工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D630
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本文编号：1534384