基于综合预案模型的应急响应协同研究
发布时间:2018-03-19 23:02
本文选题:预案 切入点:综合 出处:《大连理工大学》2016年硕士论文 论文类型:学位论文
【摘要】:伴随频发的各类突发事件所带来的重大人员伤亡与经济财产损失,应急管理越来越得到政府和社会各界的广泛关注,应急预案更是在我国“一案三制”的应急管理体系中起着统领性的作用。而快速高效的应急响应是一个需要各种要素达到协同有序的过程,应急预案作为应急响应过程的指导方案,必然应该体现此过程的协同,然而现有的应急预案暴露了大量应急响应协同问题,一方面,数量繁多的应急预案间往往各自独立而彼此缺乏有效衔接,在实践中难以形成合力,导致无法发挥其预期的指导作用。另一方面,部分应急预案存在对应急响应各部门的权责义务划分不清、规定不明的问题,不仅延误应急响应的进程,也为事后各部门互相推诿逃脱提供了理由;同时,应急响应往往会涉及多个主体部门,各部门如何协同有序高效的完成响应任务也是现有应急预案所未能解决的问题。为此,本文基于综合预案模型对应急响应协同进行研究。首先,对应急响应协同相关基础进行系统概述。在阐述协同学的相关理论基础上,对应急响应协同进行需求分析,继而,在梳理应急预案层次网络模型的相关研究基础上,通过应急预案聚类分析,提出综合预案作为解决应急响应协同问题的解决方案,最后,提出综合预案模型的构建思路及应急响应协同的研究框架。其次,进行综合预案模型的构建。从确定承灾体及其状态出发,进行主题、主体、任务、资源各层要素的确定,继而通过确定各层内及层间关系建立起综合预案网络模型,可为不同地区综合预案的编制提供预案模板与构建思路,并在构建过程中对比美国的应急管理文件,指出我国应急预案体系存在的缺陷,并提出修订建议。最后,基于综合预案模型进行应急响应的协同分析,从纵向、横向与整体角度以模型的不同层次为导向探索应急响应从无序到有序的各种模式;在此基础上,找到主导应急响应演化过程的序参量——主题,探讨基于主题的应急响应协同方式,分析了其在主体协同模式上的应用,并进行了基于主题的应急响应协同评估。本文基于综合预案模型对应急响应协同进行研究,通过构建综合预案,既解决单项应急预案个体的问题,又解决多项应急预案间难以有效衔接的问题,同时通过探讨应急响应的协同模式,使得系统发挥整体合力,高效有序完成突发事件的应对工作。
[Abstract]:With the heavy casualties and loss of economic property brought by various kinds of emergencies, emergency management has been paid more and more attention by the government and all walks of life. Emergency preparedness plays a leading role in the emergency management system of "one case, three systems" in our country. Rapid and efficient emergency response is a process that requires a variety of elements to achieve coordinated and orderly response. As the guiding scheme of the emergency response process, the emergency plan must reflect the coordination of this process. However, the existing emergency plan has exposed a large number of emergency response coordination problems, on the one hand, A large number of emergency preparedness plans are often independent and lack of effective cohesion with each other, which makes it difficult to form a concerted force in practice, resulting in a failure to play its expected guiding role. Some of the contingency plans have unclear responsibilities and responsibilities for each department of emergency response, which not only delay the process of emergency response, but also provide a reason for the departments to shirk each other after the event; at the same time, Emergency response often involves multiple main departments, and how each department completes the response task in an orderly and efficient manner is also a problem that cannot be solved by the existing emergency response plan. In this paper, the coordination of emergency response is studied based on the comprehensive plan model. Firstly, the correlation foundation of emergency response coordination is systematically summarized. On the basis of explaining the related theory of Synergetics, the requirement analysis of emergency response coordination is carried out, and then, On the basis of combing the related research of emergency plan hierarchical network model, through the cluster analysis of emergency plan, put forward the comprehensive plan as a solution to solve the problem of emergency response coordination, finally, This paper puts forward the idea of constructing the comprehensive plan model and the research framework of the coordination of emergency response. Secondly, it constructs the comprehensive plan model. From the view of determining the disaster bearing body and its status, the main body, task and resource elements are determined. Then the network model of integrated plan can be established by determining the relationship between different levels and levels, which can provide the template and train of thought for the preparation of comprehensive plan in different regions, and compare the emergency management documents of the United States in the process of construction. The defects of the emergency plan system in China are pointed out, and the revised suggestions are put forward. Finally, the collaborative analysis of emergency response based on the comprehensive plan model is carried out. On the basis of exploring various models of emergency response from disorder to order from different levels of the model, we find the order parameter-theme that dominates the evolution of emergency response. In this paper, we discuss the cooperation mode of emergency response based on topic, analyze its application in the mode of agent collaboration, and carry out the evaluation of coordination of emergency response based on subject. In this paper, we study the coordination of emergency response based on the comprehensive plan model. Through the construction of comprehensive plan, not only the individual problem of individual emergency plan is solved, but also the problem that it is difficult to link up effectively among many emergency plans is solved. At the same time, by exploring the cooperative mode of emergency response, the system can exert its overall joint force. Complete the emergency response in an efficient and orderly manner.
【学位授予单位】:大连理工大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2016
【分类号】:D63
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1 刘学;基于综合预案模型的应急响应协同研究[D];大连理工大学;2016年
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