开放政府数据保障机制研究

发布时间：2018-03-27 11:55

本文选题：政府数据　切入点：开放政府数据　出处：《河北大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：大数据时代已成为当今社会发展的主流趋势,随着互联网和信息技术的飞速发展,数据已成为影响和改变社会生活的关键,越来越多的行业和领域加入到数据竞争的潮流中,作为整个社会的引领者和管理者的政府在数据资源的占有量上具有绝对的优势,因此政府机构没有理由置身事外,而是应该充分结合信息技术和资源优势,发挥政府数据的巨大价值,引领整个社会数据资源的应用和创新。2015年8月31日国务院《关于印发促进大数据发展行动纲要的通知》,《纲要》中明确了大数据时代数据成为国家基础性战略资源,正日益对整个世界的生产、分配、经济运行机制、国家治理能力产生重要影响,运用大数据推动经济发展、完善社会治理、提升政府服务和监管能力正成为趋势。并进一步提出加快政府部门数据的开放共享、推进公共数据资源开放的任务,到2017年底前,明确各部门数据共享的范围边界和适用方式,基本形成跨部门的数据资源共享共用格局,2018年底前建成国家统一的开放政府数据平台,2020年底前,逐渐实现向社会开放信用、交通、就业等民生保障服务相关领域的政府数据集。可以看出我国顺应时代发展推进开放政府数据的决心,且在实践中,我国一些先进的发达城市已经很好地在实践工作中开始了开放政府数据的尝试,如上海、北京。开放政府数据对我国而言是一个很好地提升政府服务和治理能力的机会,也具备一定的实施条件。首先是我国互联网用户数量处于世界首位,有着很好的应用市场优势,其次是近几年来我国在信息技术领域也不断取得突破,特别是数据处理技术方面的创新和应用,再加上我国政府信息开放、政务信息公开等政策和措施已取得一定的显著成果,为开放政府数据奠定了一定的实践基础,很多地方政府已拥有政府数据资源基础。目前,我国在开放政府数据共享方面已具有了一定的政策准备和实践基础,也拥有市场需求优势和进一步发展的潜力,但同时我们也应该看到我国在开放政府数据方面仍然存在许多不足。尽管有了一定的政策基础,我国开放政府数据整体而言还是缺乏足够的顶层设计和规划,法律法规建设不完善,很难及时解决实际工作中的法律纠纷,政府部门的开放共享意识不足、配备的政府数据处理人员和基础设施不足,缺乏足够的创新能力、发展滞后。以上问题如果不能得到很好地解决,将会直接阻碍我国开放政府数据共享的进程,影响我国建设数据强国的宏伟目标。基于此,本研究试图通过分析开放政府数据保障机制的含义和作用,梳理和总结国内外开放政府数据发展现状,在借鉴国外发展经验及参考我国基本情况的基础上提出我国开放政府数据保障机制的建设路径,以期为我国开放政府数据进一步的理论研究和实践工作开展提供机制建设层面的参考。
[Abstract]:Big data era has become the mainstream trend of social development. With the rapid development of Internet and information technology, data has become the key to influence and change social life. More and more industries and fields have joined the trend of data competition. The government, as the leader and manager of the whole society, has an absolute advantage in the possession of data resources. Therefore, there is no reason for the government agencies to stay away from the situation. Instead, the government should fully combine the advantages of information technology and resources. Give play to the enormous value of government data, Leading the application and innovation of the entire social data resources. On August 31, 2015, the State Council's Circular on issuing and issuing the platform for Action for the Development of big data, which clearly defines the data of the era of big data as the basic strategic resource of the country, It is increasingly exerting an important influence on the production, distribution, economic operation mechanism, and national governance ability of the whole world. Using big data to promote economic development and improve social governance, It is becoming a trend to improve the government service and supervision ability. Furthermore, it puts forward the task of accelerating the open sharing of government data, promoting the opening up of public data resources, and defining the scope, boundaries and applicable ways of data sharing among various departments by the end of 2017. Basically forming a pattern of sharing and sharing data resources across sectors. By the end of 2018, a unified national open government data platform will be built, and by 2020, credit and transportation will gradually be opened to the society. Employment and other areas related to people's livelihood security services. It can be seen that our country is determined to adapt to the development of the times and promote open government data, and in practice, Some advanced and developed cities in China have started to open government data in practice, such as Shanghai and Beijing. Open government data is an opportunity for our country to improve government services and governance capabilities. It also has certain conditions for implementation. First, the number of Internet users in our country is in the first place in the world, with a good market advantage in application. Secondly, in recent years, our country has also made continuous breakthroughs in the field of information technology. In particular, the innovation and application of data processing technology, coupled with the policies and measures such as the opening up of government information and the openness of government information, have achieved some remarkable results, which have laid a certain practical foundation for the opening up of government data. Many local governments already have a foundation of government data resources. At present, China has a certain policy preparation and practical basis for opening up government data sharing, as well as market demand advantages and potential for further development. But at the same time, we should also see that there are still many deficiencies in opening up government data in our country. Although there is a certain policy foundation, there is still a lack of sufficient top-level design and planning for China's open government data as a whole. The construction of laws and regulations is not perfect, it is very difficult to solve the legal disputes in practice in time, the open and sharing consciousness of government departments is insufficient, the government data processing personnel and infrastructure are not enough, and they lack sufficient innovative ability. Development lags behind. If the above problems can not be solved well, it will directly hinder the process of opening up government data sharing in our country and affect our country's grand goal of building a powerful data country. Through analyzing the meaning and function of open government data guarantee mechanism, this study attempts to sort out and summarize the current situation of open government data development at home and abroad. Based on the experience of foreign countries and the basic situation of our country, this paper puts forward the construction path of open government data guarantee mechanism in our country. The aim is to provide a reference for further theoretical research and practice of open government data in China.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D630;G203

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