论中国乡镇治理中的协商民主

发布时间：2018-04-20 08:56

本文选题：协商民主 + 中国乡镇治理　；参考：《湘潭大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：近几年来,政府治理得到了中国越来越多的官员和学者关注,特别是在基层政府治理方面。伴随着政府转型以及基层政府机构改革,基层政府在治理方面已经取得了不少的进步,同时也不断拓宽了中国基层民主的发展空间。不过,在改革开放的深入和发展中,乡镇治理也面临了更多的困境和问题。协商民主是一种提倡公民参与政府决策、制定方针政策的民主机制。它为当前乡镇治理中存在的困境和问题,提供了解决的理论基础和方法。虽然协商民主理论的兴起和发展都是在西方,但从解决政府治理危机的作用上来看是,中西方政府引入协商民主的目的是相似的。当前我国乡镇治理所面临的这些困境,很大程度上是由于不同利益群体之间的矛盾加深且得不到有效的化解。因为乡镇民众不但缺乏有效路径进行利益诉求,也缺少有效路径参与政府决策,从而直接导致公民在政治参与上失去了平等的位置,最终使得矛盾难以得到有效解决。协商民主则正是强调公民在公共决策决定之前,需要通过协商的形式,整合出最优方案或获得利益最大化原则。这样能够有效的整合公民的不同利益需求,使得政府决策更具合理性和合法性。通过分析,我们认为在乡镇治理中推行协商民主已具备可行性,完善乡镇治理,需要积极推进协商民主的进一步建设;需要在乡镇建设选举民主为主和协商民主为辅的路径;在乡镇建设村民协商民主制度,同时加强协商民主意识的培养以及丰富协商民主在乡镇治理中的实践形式,做到这些,我们方可从规范的制度化层面上探讨和构建乡镇治理中的协商民主。
[Abstract]:In recent years, government governance has attracted more and more attention from Chinese officials and scholars, especially at the grass-roots level. Along with the transformation of the government and the reform of the grass-roots government institutions, the grass-roots government has made a lot of progress in governance, at the same time, it has constantly broadened the development space of grass-roots democracy in China. However, in the deepening and development of reform and opening up, township governance also faces more difficulties and problems. Deliberative democracy is a democratic mechanism that advocates citizen participation in government decision-making and policy making. It provides the theoretical basis and method for solving the difficulties and problems existing in the current township governance. Although the rise and development of the theory of deliberative democracy is in the West, the purpose of introducing the deliberative democracy into Chinese and Western governments is similar from the point of view of resolving the crisis of government governance. At present, these difficulties faced by the township governance in our country are largely due to the deepening of contradictions among different interest groups and can not be effectively resolved. Because the township people not only lack of effective path to pursue interests, but also lack of effective path to participate in government decision-making, which directly leads to the loss of equal position of citizens in political participation, and ultimately makes the contradiction difficult to be effectively resolved. Deliberative democracy emphasizes that citizens need to integrate the principle of optimal scheme or maximization of benefits through negotiation before making decisions. This can effectively integrate the different interests of citizens and make government decisions more reasonable and legitimate. Through analysis, we think that it is feasible to carry out consultative democracy in township governance, and improve township governance, we need to actively promote the further construction of consultative democracy, and we need to build the path of electoral democracy and consultative democracy in villages and towns. To build a democratic system of consultation among villagers in villages and towns, at the same time to strengthen the cultivation of democratic consciousness of consultation and to enrich the practical forms of consultative democracy in township governance, so as to achieve this. We can discuss and construct the consultative democracy in township governance from the level of institutionalization of norms.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D630

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