基于职能转变的政府机构改革研究

发布时间：2018-04-21 17:45

  本文选题：国务院 + 机构改革　； 参考：《西北大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：政府机构改革,不仅是行政体制改革的重要组成部分,也是推动政治文明建设的重要措施。改革开放以来,我国已先后进行了七次政府机构改革,七次改革表明:机构改革必须以职能转变为依据,必须与职能转变同时推进。七次政府机构改革取得了较大的成效,但也存在政府职能不平衡、政府对经济和社会事务介入过多、市场和社会的作用尚未充分发挥等问题。如何通过政府机构改革进一步完善政府职能,充分发挥市场与社会的作用,是下一步政府机构改革的方向所在。本文以改革开放以来中央政府机构改革为研究对象,以结构功能理论、治道变革理论和法治政府理论为指导,从政府职能转变的角度,对七次机构改革从背景、目的、内容、特点以及成效等方面进行了梳理。在此基础上,归纳总结了历次机构改革中政府在职能转变方面存在的问题,主要有:规范政府职能的法律不健全;政府宏观调控不足,微观干预过度,市场的决定性作用尚未发挥;市场管制过多,监管不足;政府的公共服务意识淡薄,服务投入不够;社会管理主体单一,社会组织力量薄弱;政府环保的体制机制不健全等。针对政府机构改革中存在的问题,文章从政府职能转变角度提出了六个方面完善的对策:完善依法行政的法律体系,建设法治政府;加强宏观调控、减少微观干预,发挥市场在资源配置中的决定性作用;减少政府对市场的管制,加强市场监管;提升政府的社会服务意识,发挥市场在公共服务中的主导性地位;促进社会管理多元化,培养和支持社会组织发展;健全政府环保的体制机制。以期通过对政府机构改革的改进,来推进政府职能的进一步完善。
[Abstract]:The reform of government institutions is not only an important part of the reform of administrative system, but also an important measure to promote the construction of political civilization. Since the reform and opening to the outside world, China has carried out seven reforms of government institutions successively. Seven times of reform have shown that the reform of institutions must be based on the transformation of functions and must be promoted simultaneously with the transformation of functions. The reform of seven government institutions has made great achievements, but there are still some problems, such as the imbalance of government functions, the excessive involvement of the government in economic and social affairs, and the fact that the role of the market and society has not been brought into full play. How to further improve the government function through the reform of government institutions and give full play to the role of the market and society is the next direction of the reform of government institutions. This paper takes the reform of central government institutions since the reform and opening up as the research object, taking the theory of structure and function, the theory of governance reform and the theory of government by law as the guidance, from the angle of the transformation of government functions, from the perspective of the transformation of government functions, from the background, purpose and content of the seven institutional reforms. Characteristics and effectiveness of the comb. On this basis, the paper summarizes the problems existing in the transformation of government functions in the past institutional reforms. The main problems are as follows: the law of standardizing government functions is not perfect, the government has insufficient macro-control, and the microcosmic intervention is excessive. The decisive role of the market has not been brought into play; too much market control, insufficient supervision, weak public service consciousness of the government, insufficient investment in service, single social management body, weak social organization strength, imperfect system and mechanism of government environmental protection, etc. In view of the problems existing in the reform of government institutions, this paper puts forward six perfect countermeasures from the angle of the transformation of government functions: perfecting the legal system of administration by law, building a government ruled by law, strengthening macro-control and reducing microcosmic intervention. Give play to the decisive role of the market in the allocation of resources; reduce the government's control over the market and strengthen market supervision; enhance the government's awareness of social services and give play to the dominant position of the market in public services; and promote the diversification of social management. Cultivate and support the development of social organizations and improve the institutional mechanism of government environmental protection. In order to promote the further improvement of government functions through the reform of government institutions.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D630
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本文编号：1783459