利益视角下我国民族地区国家认同问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-24 10:05

  本文选题：民族地区 + 民族认同　； 参考：《陕西师范大学》2015年博士论文

【摘要】：国家认同在国际层面主要是指,他国和国际社会对其国家主权独立性和完整性的认可,国内层面是公民对自己属于哪个国家以及对该国家政治制度、政治权威以及政治过程等的理解、赞同和支持。如果出现国际上对于国家主权独立性的质疑或者国内社会成员对自己的国民身份以及国家政权体系的不认可就可能导致国家认同问题的产生。20世纪60年代后期,在第三次民族主义浪潮、苏东剧变、冷战结束以及全球化等多种因素的影响下,在世界范围内出现了不同程度的国家认同问题。我国作为多民族的发展中国家,受国内外因素的影响,民族地区的部分民族成员也出现了国家认同问题。尤其是新疆和西藏地区,在“疆独”和“藏独”分子的宣传和鼓动下,部分民族成员的国家认同问题比较突出。如果不加以重视,必将造成国家政治分裂和民族分裂。针对国家认同问题凸显这一事实,国内外学者都先后对此进行了研究,并取得了一定的成果。从目前的研究成果来看,大多聚焦于认同及国家认同的含义、特点,国家认同与民族认同的关系,特定地区或特定群体的国家认同,族际政治整合,跨境民族国家认同研究等问题上。研究领域涉及多个学科,研究方法上既有实证调查研究,也有大量的规范研究。从研究的角度来看,有的以历史哲学为视角,有的以文化为视角,有的以个体身份变迁为视角,有的以制度为视角,有的以全球化为视角。可以说,这些不同的研究视角从不同侧面揭示了国家认同某一方面的情况,但似乎并没有完全穷尽国家认同问题产生的根源。国家认同是一个复杂的问题,但同时也是一个个体与国家的关系问题,人们之所以要结成某种社会关系,源于人们的需要,只要有人的需求存在,利益就是一个重要的分析视角和分析工具。利益是一切社会现象和政治现象的核心,能够揭示出纷繁复杂的政治现象背后的本质和规律。民族和国家从根本上来说都是一个利益群体,而国家是最高层次上、涵盖全体社会成员的利益群体。国家认同的基础和内在动力就是利益。因此,本文试图以利益为分析视角,以马克思主义利益分析方法为工具,运用马克思主义民族和国家的有关理论,对我国当前民族地区国家认同问题产生的原因进行深入剖析,并在此基础上提出国家认同建构的理论路径。希望能对国家认同问题产生的根源和解决的路径有比较准确的分析和把握,为民族地方政治实践提供参考,同时丰富利益分析方法在国家认同问题研究中的运用。文章总体上分为导论、正文和结语三大部分。导论部分主要阐述了选题依据和选题意义,并且梳理了国内外学者关于国家认同问题研究的前期成果,为本文奠定一个逻辑起点,明确本文的研究内容和研究方法。正文部分对全球化条件下,国家认同问题凸显的原因和对我国民族地区国家认同问题产生现状进行了分析,认为国家利益配置不合理是导致国家认同问题的最根本原因,而民族地区国家认同问题产生源于国家在民族地区利益的非均衡配置。通过对美国、印度和苏联三个多民族国家构建国家认同过程中实行的民族利益配置政策的比较分析,认为我国应当吸取经验教训,立足本国国情,找到适合自身的国家认同构建模式。并提出民族地区利益均衡配置基础上国家认同构建的理论路径。认为“多元一体”是国家认同构建的理论基点和目标,其中利益是“多元”和“一体”关系的根本点,而对一体化国家的认同是利益配置的目标。从理论上廓清当前国家认同构建上存在的一些有争议的问题,并提出国家利益配置时应当遵循的原则以及实现利益均衡配置需要建立和完善民族利益协调机制。结语是对全文的一个总结和升华。认为利益是国家认同和构建的关键所在,而多元民族之间的共同利益是什么,如何在多元民族中寻求和扩大利益的公共空间,是今后国家认同构建必须认真思考的问题。另外,认为对公民身份和公民权利的强调无疑是国家认同构建的重要途径,但还是离不开利益这个关键点,因为公民身份是国家认同的载体,而公民身份认同的首要前提是对国家整体利益的认同。
[Abstract]:At the international level, national identity mainly refers to the recognition of the independence and integrity of the sovereignty of his country and the international community on the independence and integrity of its state. At the domestic level, it is the understanding, approval and support of citizens on which country they belong to, the political system, political authority and political process of the country. If there is international independence of state sovereignty, Doubts or disapproval of national identity and national regime may lead to the emergence of national identity problems in the late.20 century in the late 60s of the century. Under the influence of many factors such as the third wave of nationalism, the upheaval, the end of the cold war and the globalization, various degrees have emerged in the world. As a multi-ethnic developing country, China is affected by the domestic and foreign factors, and some ethnic members in the ethnic regions also have the problem of national identity. Especially in Xinjiang and Tibet areas, under the propaganda and agitation of the "Xinjiang independence" and "Tibetan independence", the problems of the national identity of some members of the ethnic groups are more prominent. In view of the fact that the problem of national identity is highlighted, scholars both at home and abroad have studied it and have achieved certain results. There are many subjects in the field of national identity of specific areas or specific groups, inter ethnic political integration and cross-border national identity. There are many subjects in the field of research. There are both empirical and normative research methods in the research methods. From the perspective of research, some are based on Shi Zhexue and some are cultural perspective. The change of body identity is the angle of view, some of which take the system as the perspective and the perspective of globalization. It can be said that these different perspectives reveal the state identity from different aspects, but it does not seem to be completely exhausted from the root of the problem of national identity. The relationship between the body and the state, the reason why people want to form a kind of social relationship is derived from the needs of people. As long as the needs of people exist, interests are an important analysis angle of view and an analytical tool. Interest is the core of all social phenomena and political phenomena, which can reveal the essence and law behind the complicated and complicated political phenomena. The nation and state are fundamentally a group of interests, and the country is the highest level of interest groups covering all the members of the society. The basis and intrinsic motivation of the national identity is the interests. Therefore, this article attempts to use the Marx doctrine interest analysis method as the tool for the analysis of interests and the use of the nationalism of the Marx doctrine and state. On the basis of the related theory, the reasons of the national identity problem in our country are deeply analyzed, and the theoretical path of national identity construction is put forward on this basis. It is hoped to have a more accurate analysis and grasp of the root and solution path of the problem of national identity, and provide a reference for the national local political practice, and at the same time, it is abundant. The application of the rich benefit analysis method in the study of national identity problems. The article is divided into three parts: introduction, text and conclusion. The introduction mainly expounds the basis and significance of the topic, and combs the early achievements of the domestic and foreign scholars on the study of national identity, and lays a logical starting point for this article and clarified this article. The main body of the text is the analysis of the reasons for the problem of national identity under the globalization and the status quo of the national identity problems in the ethnic regions of China. It is considered that the irrational allocation of national interests is the most fundamental cause of the problem of national identity, and the national identity problems arise from the state in the national region. The non balanced allocation of interests in ethnic regions. Through the comparative analysis of the national interests allocation policy in the process of building national identity in the three multi-ethnic countries of the United States, India and the Soviet Union, we think that our country should draw lessons from the national conditions and find a mode of national identity construction suitable for itself, and put forward the interests of ethnic regions. On the basis of balance allocation, the theoretical path of national identity construction is considered as the basis and goal of the theory of national identity construction, among which interest is the fundamental point of "multiple" and "one in one", while the identity of the integrated country is the goal of the allocation of interests. The conclusion is a summary and sublimation of the full text. The conclusion is a summary and sublimation of the full text. The conclusion is that the interest is the key to the national identity and construction. The public space of seeking and expanding the interests of the yuan nation is a problem that must be seriously considered in the future construction of national identity. In addition, the emphasis on citizenship and civil rights is undoubtedly an important way for the construction of national identity, but it is still the key point of interest, because citizenship is the carrier of national identity and citizenship. The first prerequisite for identification is the recognition of the overall interests of the state.

【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D633
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本文编号：1796195