生计的性别—一个侗族村寨性别分工的田野考察

发布时间：2018-05-18 06:59

本文选题：侗族 + 生计方式　；参考：《广西民族大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：经济总是嵌合在社会之中,经济表象的背后有着深刻的文化逻辑。家庭生计的性别分工表面上是实现人力资源配置,追求经济效益的一种手段,然而只有在特有的文化中才能理解其存在的意义。它不仅体现人与自然的互动,也包涵着人与社会以及人与他人的关系,更是反映对“人”本身的关注与理解。本文试图通过对高露村家庭生计的性别分工进行田野考察,分析当地性别分工模式存在的原因及其潜在的文化机制,进而探讨性别平等与地方性文化。本文认为,从当地侗族人的角度出发,这种看似不平等的性别分工模式却合乎“理性”的存在。性别差异使当地人不得不遵循男女之“别”的客观现实,促进人、生计与自然的和谐共生;作为“精打细算”的小农,无非在家庭发展的特定阶段,追求经济效益最优化罢了,这种人力资源配置实际反映当地人对未来的投资与期盼;而高露村特有的侗族文化,潜移默化地影响当地人的分工认同与选择,使性别分工得以建构;此外,当分工和他们的生存与发展联系在一起,特别是在当地的历史记忆中,对代际传承、生育习俗和生命伦理的重视使生育变为难以回避的话题,并形成族群意识成为被考虑的事情,分工也必然以此展开。因此,在特定的文化中,应当以“文化持有者”的眼光,从差异、主体和话语中理解平等的相对性,从乡村两种知识体系中反思乡土文化存在的意义。
[Abstract]:Economy is always embedded in the society, and there is profound cultural logic behind the appearance of economy. On the surface, the gender division of family livelihood is a means to realize the allocation of human resources and pursue economic benefits. However, only in the unique culture can the meaning of its existence be understood. It reflects not only the interaction between man and nature, but also the relationship between man and society and between man and others, and also reflects the concern and understanding of "man" itself. This paper attempts to analyze the reasons for the existence of the gender division of labor and its potential cultural mechanism through field investigation of the gender division of household livelihood in Gaolu village, and then to explore gender equality and local culture. From the perspective of the local Dong people, this seemingly unequal mode of gender division of labor conforms to the existence of "rationality". Gender differences have forced local people to follow the objective reality of "being different" between men and women, to promote harmony and symbiosis between man, livelihood and nature; as a "budget" smallholder, it is nothing more than to pursue the optimization of economic benefits at a specific stage of family development. This allocation of human resources actually reflects the investment and expectation of the local people in the future. The Dong culture, which is unique to Gaolu Village, has a subtle influence on the identification and selection of the local people's division of labor, so that the gender division of labor can be constructed. When the division of labour is linked to their survival and development, especially in the local historical memory, the emphasis on intergenerational inheritance, fertility customs and bioethics makes fertility an unavoidable topic. And the formation of ethnic consciousness has been considered, the division of labor must also be carried out. Therefore, in a specific culture, we should understand the relativity of equality from the perspective of "cultural holder", from the perspective of difference, subject and discourse, and reflect on the significance of the existence of local culture from the two knowledge systems of rural areas.
【学位授予单位】：广西民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：C912.4

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