基于DEA方法的安徽省基本公共服务均等化效率研究

发布时间：2018-05-19 14:40

本文选题：基本公共服务 + DEA　；参考：《安徽大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：基本公共服务均等化的顺利推进,有助于平衡区域间发展、调节收入分配,促进社会公平正义和稳定社会经济发展。安徽省目前正处在快速发展的关键时期,经济建设取得了巨大成效。到2014年安徽省常住人口达到6082.9万人,生产总值已达到20848.8亿元,在这种经济高速发展时期,如何缩小地区和城乡间的均等化差距,保证不同地区、行业、阶层、群体的利益,尤其是保障公民的基本权利和生活条件已是刻不容缓的任务。安徽省目前大部分地区基本公共服务均等化的投入、管理与实施可以说仍处在初始化阶段,存在不少薄弱环节,均等化的评价制度还未建立健全,这些都是决定均等化成功与否的重要因素。从目前已有的研究和关注点看来,大多数关注点放在了政府投入是否逐年增加,而非均等化产出效率是否提高。各地区在增加公共服务均等化投入的同时更应考虑该如何在提高公共服务的供给效率,改善等量投入的产出效果。各级政府必须不断基本公共服务供给质量和供给效率才能保障经济的稳定持续发展以及社会的长治久安。DEA方法是一种以运用十分广泛具有独特优势的效率评价方法,它将单输入和单产出的工程效率概念推广至包含多个输入和产出的同类决策单元的有效性评价之中,很大程度上避免因为各种主观因素带来的偏差,同时简化算法,具有很强的实用性。考虑到以往对安徽省基本公共服务均等化效率的研究多是基于一年的数据或者是基于某个地市的数据进行研究,时间和空间的跨度上缺乏延续性。针对这些问题,本文以安徽省均等化效率分析为背景,应用DEA方法对本省均等化投入产出效率进行实证分析。本文第一章(绪论)首先阐述了研究背景及研究意义,对国内外有关基本公共服务均等化文献进行梳理,介绍本文的研究方法和研究思路以及创新点和不足。第二章介绍了基本公共服务均等化的相关概念和基础理论。第三章先介绍了DEA方法中与本文有关的基本概念,如决策单元、生产可能集以及两个基本模型等,接着对样本进行选取,在借鉴国内已有的研究,构建适合安徽本地的基本公共服务均等化指标体系,并选取来自安徽省统计局统计年鉴的原始数据,运用DEA方法对教育、医疗卫生、公共文化以及社会保障四个方面分别进行效率评价,最后得出研究结论。第四章是对安徽省基本公共服务均等化所存在的现实问题进行分析和总结。第五章主要从政府职能、公共财政制度,服务供给制度以及均等化评估制度等几个方面进行分析,得出安徽省基本公共服务均等化发展的制约因素。第六章针对制约因素提出了促进安徽省基本公共服务均等化发展的政策建议,主要包括建立健全公共财政体系,完善转移支付,改善供给制度、强化各地政府激励与约束机制以及建立健全均等化服务标准和评估机制。最后是本研究的结论与展望。
[Abstract]:The smooth progress of equalization of basic public services will help to balance the development of regions, regulate income distribution, promote social equity and justice and stabilize social and economic development. Anhui Province is in the key period of rapid development, economic construction has achieved great results. By 2014, the permanent population of Anhui Province has reached 60.829 million people, and the gross domestic product has reached 2.08488 trillion yuan. In this period of rapid economic development, how to narrow the equalization gap between regions and urban and rural areas and ensure the interests of different regions, industries, strata and groups, In particular, protecting the basic rights and living conditions of citizens is an urgent task. At present, the investment, management and implementation of the equalization of basic public services in most regions of Anhui Province are still in the initial stage, and there are many weak links, and the evaluation system of equalization has not yet been established and perfected. These are important factors that determine the success of equalization. From the current research and focus, most of the focus is on whether the government input is increasing year by year, and whether the efficiency of non-equalization output is improved. At the same time, we should consider how to improve the efficiency of public service supply and the output effect of equal input. Governments at all levels must continuously supply quality and efficiency of basic public services in order to ensure the stable and sustainable development of the economy and the long-term stability of society. DEA method is an efficiency evaluation method which is widely used with unique advantages. It extends the concept of engineering efficiency from single input and unit production to the evaluation of the effectiveness of the same decision making unit with multiple inputs and outputs, which largely avoids the deviation caused by various subjective factors, and simplifies the algorithm at the same time. It has strong practicability. Considering that the previous studies on the equalization efficiency of basic public services in Anhui Province are mostly based on the data of one year or one city, there is a lack of continuity in the span of time and space. In order to solve these problems, this paper uses DEA method to analyze the efficiency of equal input and output of Anhui Province based on the analysis of average efficiency of Anhui Province. The first chapter (introduction) first expounds the research background and significance, combs the literature on equalization of basic public services at home and abroad, introduces the research methods, research ideas, innovation points and shortcomings of this paper. The second chapter introduces the basic public service equalization related concepts and basic theory. The third chapter introduces the basic concepts of DEA method, such as decision making unit, production possible set and two basic models, and then selects the sample, and draws lessons from the existing research in China. To construct the index system of equalization of basic public services suitable for Anhui, and select the original data from the statistical yearbook of Anhui Statistical Bureau, and apply DEA method to education, medical and health, Public culture and social security four aspects of efficiency evaluation, and finally draw conclusions. The fourth chapter is to analyze and summarize the practical problems in the equalization of basic public services in Anhui Province. The fifth chapter mainly from the government function, the public finance system, the service supply system and the equalization appraisal system and so on several aspects carries on the analysis, obtains the Anhui Province basic public service equalization development restriction factor. The sixth chapter puts forward some policy suggestions to promote the equalization of basic public services in Anhui Province, including the establishment of a sound public finance system, the improvement of transfer payments, and the improvement of the supply system. Strengthen incentive and restraint mechanism of local governments and establish and perfect equalization service standard and evaluation mechanism. Finally, the conclusion and prospect of this study are given.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D630

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