大数据背景下贵阳市公共政策第三方评估研究

发布时间：2018-06-15 19:40

本文选题：大数据 + 公共政策　；参考：《西南大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：政策评估是公共政策链条中必不可少的一个重要环节,高质量的政策评估也是促进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的强有力保障。受西方“新公共管理运动”的影响,我国自90年代以来,不断加深对政策评估的理论和实践研究,这也使得国内公共政策评估活动在契合我国国情的基础上有了长足的进步。公共政策自身所具备的公共性又决定了对一项政策的评估始终不能脱离广大人民群众的切身利益,近十年来,伴随着公众对于政策评估活动的重视度逐渐提高,作为外部评估机构的第三方参与机制开始被人们所认识并接受。专家学者们对于“第三方”这一概念的界定各不相同,但第三方的组合方式很多,目前国内主流的有三种:专家、高校学术机构组成的第三方;专业评估公司组成的第三方;一般民众组成的第三方。贵阳市在2013年进行的公共政策第三方评估探索,选取的正是以高校机构为主的第三方。无论选取何种组成方式,它都应当是与政府没有直接利益关系的,这样才能保证公正,客观。谈及公正与客观,比之文字,数据似乎更具说服力,而据专家统计,2010年之后,不同领域不同种类的数据出现了井喷式递增,短短三年时间,数据总量甚至已经超过了4万亿GB,且每年仍在加速增长,激增的数据量反复提醒着我们大数据时代已经来临。大数据带来的变革涵盖了生活、工作与思维等众多方面,同时也给刚刚兴起的公共政策第三方评估带来了新的挑战,提出了新的要求。贵州省省府贵阳市作为我国大数据产业发展在西南地区的先行者,凭借其特有的地形、气候等自然优势,加上良好的政策环境,很快在我国的大数据发展版图上占据了一席之地。不断涌入的庞大数据以及新兴的数据处理技术无疑为贵阳市公共政策第三方评估的发展注入了活力。本文以大数据背景下贵阳市公共政策第三方评估的机制为研究对象,将文章分为五个章节,第一章节,阐述本文的研究背景、理论和实践意义、思路和方法,并思考本研究可能存在的创新点;第二章节,相关概念的界定及有关理论的陈述,根据国内外目前主流的表述,对文章内的几个重要概念进行界定;第三章节,分别对贵阳市的大数据发展现状和公共政策第三方评估发展现状进行描述,肯定其在探索中取得的成功;第四章节,在摸清大数据背景下贵阳市公共政策第三方评估机制基本情况的基础上,找出现存的问题以及分析其原因。第五章节,针对大数据背景下贵阳市公共政策第三方评估机制存在的主要问题和原因,提出了构建合法化的公共政策第三方评估主体,完善预测与检验并重的科学评估机制,提升公共政策第三方评估结果的有效性及有效性三个维度的建议。
[Abstract]:Policy evaluation is an essential link in the chain of public policy. High quality policy evaluation is also a powerful guarantee to promote the modernization of national governance system and governance ability. Under the influence of the "New Public Management Movement" in the West, our country has been deepening the research on the theory and practice of the policy evaluation since the 1990s, which also makes the domestic public policy evaluation activities have made great progress on the basis of adapting to the national conditions of our country. The public nature of public policy itself determines that the evaluation of a policy can never be divorced from the vital interests of the broad masses of the people. In the past ten years, with the gradual increase of public attention to policy evaluation activities, As an external evaluation organization, the third-party participation mechanism began to be recognized and accepted by people. Experts and scholars define the concept of "third party" differently, but there are many ways of combination of the third party. At present, there are three kinds of experts, the third party formed by academic institutions in colleges and universities, the third party formed by professional evaluation company, and the third party formed by professional evaluation company. A third party formed by the general public. The third party evaluation of public policy carried out in Guiyang in 2013 selects the third party which is dominated by institutions of higher learning. No matter what kind of composition is chosen, it should have no direct interest with the government, so as to ensure fairness and objectivity. When it comes to fairness and objectivity, the data seem to be more persuasive than words, and according to expert statistics, after 2010, different types of data in different fields have been blowout increments in just three years. The amount of data has even exceeded 4 trillion GBs and is still accelerating each year, and the surge of data repeatedly reminds us that the big data era is coming. The changes brought by big data cover many aspects such as life, work and thinking. At the same time, it brings new challenges and demands to the newly emerging third-party evaluation of public policy. Guiyang City, the capital of Guizhou Province, as a pioneer of the development of big data industry in southwest China, depends on its unique natural advantages such as topography, climate, and good policy environment. Soon in our country's big data development map occupied a place. The continuous influx of huge data and emerging data processing technology undoubtedly invigorate the development of third-party evaluation of public policy in Guiyang City. This paper takes the third-party evaluation mechanism of Guiyang public policy under the background of big data as the research object, divides the article into five chapters, the first chapter, elaborates the research background, the theory and the practice significance, the thought and the method of this article, The second chapter, the definition of relevant concepts and related theoretical statements, according to the current mainstream of domestic and foreign statements, to define several important concepts in the article; the third chapter, This paper describes the development status of big data and third-party evaluation of public policy in Guiyang City, and affirms its success in exploration. On the basis of understanding the basic situation of the third-party evaluation mechanism of public policy in Guiyang under the background of big data, this paper finds out the existing problems and analyzes the reasons. The fifth chapter, in view of the main problems and reasons of the third-party evaluation mechanism of public policy in Guiyang city under the background of big data, puts forward the construction of legalized third-party evaluation mechanism of public policy, and perfect the scientific evaluation mechanism with equal emphasis on forecasting and testing. Recommendations to improve the effectiveness and effectiveness of public policy third-party evaluation results.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D63

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