基于互联网的公民网络参与行政问责：现实困境与路径依赖

发布时间：2018-06-22 12:38

本文选题：公民网络参与 + 行政问责　；参考：《上海师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着互联网的兴起,越来越多的公民选择在网络这一平台上发表观点,这拓宽公民话语权实现的场所和空间,同时也增加了民意表达的渠道。网络的普及使得公民通过网络参政议政的热情高涨,这已经形成了一种强大的舆论力量,这股力量可能影响到政府公共行为的各个方面。网民通过网络,有效地对公共权力起到了制约和监督的作用。我国行政问责制度相对于发达国家,起步较晚,存在诸多现实困境。随着政府对构建行政问责制度逐步完善,学术界也对行政问责制进行了越来越多的探讨和研究。当前,我国对行政问责的实践已经取得了初步成效,基于公民参与网络而引发的行政问责事件也时有发生。一方面,民众通过网络来问责政府和政府官员,特别是网络反腐,让众多贪官现了原形,在官场上刮起一阵阵问责风暴。另一方面,由于网络传播的特殊性,在问责的过程中存在散布虚假信息,网络水军幕后操纵,网络暴力等诸多问题。因此,解决这些问题亟需相关政府部门加强对网络舆论的引导,完善相关法律法规,强化网络媒体与公民自律建设。只有这样,公民参与行政问责才能健康稳定地发展。本文从研究背景和研究现状入手,总结了当前国内外对行政问责制的研究现状,并归纳了各学者的代表性观点。然后介绍了在权力监督理论下,公民网络参与行政问责的理论基础,公民网络参与行政问责的基本功能、实践价值和限制范围。在大量资料、文献的基础上,分析我国公民参与网络行政问责效果的现状,并概括出公民网络参与行政问责存在的困境以及困境的成因。通过例举HB地区网络问责情况,总结此地区公民网络参与行政问责取得的初步成就和存在的漏洞。最后,分别从法律制度、执行环境、道德等层面,并从政府、网络、民众等角度出发,提出我国行政问责制在公民网络参与的监督下走出困境的总体方向,并试图探寻新的发展路径。
[Abstract]:With the rise of the Internet, more and more citizens choose to express their views on the platform of the Internet, which broadens the place and space for the realization of the citizen's right to speak, and at the same time increases the channels of public opinion expression. The popularity of the network makes citizens to participate in politics through the network of enthusiasm, which has formed a powerful force of public opinion, this force may affect all aspects of government public behavior. Internet users, through the network, have effectively restricted and supervised public power. Compared with the developed countries, China's administrative accountability system starts late and has many practical difficulties. With the government to construct the administrative accountability system gradually perfect, the academic circles also carried on the more and more discussion and the research to the administrative accountability system. At present, the practice of administrative accountability in our country has achieved initial results, and administrative accountability events based on citizen participation network also occur from time to time. On the one hand, the public to hold government and government officials accountable through the Internet, especially the network anti-corruption, so that many corrupt officials show the original form, in the official field a storm of accountability. On the other hand, due to the particularity of network communication, there are many problems in the process of accountability, such as spreading false information, behind-the-scenes manipulation of network army, network violence and so on. Therefore, to solve these problems, it is urgent for the relevant government departments to strengthen the guidance to the network public opinion, improve the relevant laws and regulations, and strengthen the self-discipline construction of the network media and citizens. Only in this way, citizen participation in administrative accountability can develop healthily and steadily. This paper begins with the research background and current situation, summarizes the current research situation of the administrative accountability system at home and abroad, and summarizes the representative viewpoints of the scholars. Then it introduces the theoretical basis of citizen network participation in administrative accountability under the theory of power supervision, the basic function of citizen network participation in administrative accountability, the practical value and the scope of restriction. On the basis of a large amount of data and literature, this paper analyzes the current situation of citizen participation in network administrative accountability in our country, and generalizes the predicament and causes of civil network participation in administrative accountability. By citing the accountability of HB area network, this paper summarizes the initial achievements and loopholes of the civil network participation in administrative accountability in this area. Finally, from the aspects of legal system, execution environment, morality and so on, and from the angle of government, network and people, this paper puts forward the general direction of our country's administrative accountability system under the supervision of citizen network participation. And try to explore a new path of development.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D621.5;G206;D630.9

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