社会性别视角下灾害社会工作的研究

发布时间：2018-06-27 11:03

本文选题：社会性别 + 自然灾害　；参考：《陕西师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国是世界上为数不多的自然灾害高发国家之一。由于灾害种类多、发生频率高、分布范围广、区域救灾能力差异大等特点,受灾地区往往遭受巨大的人员伤亡和财产损失,并且对灾区人们造成严重的精神打击。尤其是对于灾区女性来说,她们面对自然灾害更显现出脆弱性,容易在灾时和灾后出现生理健康、心理、资源获取和权利表达、个人发展等多方面问题。从社会性别角度出发,充分评估考虑女性需求,给予女性合理的诉求表达通道和参与社会事务的机会是在灾害救助工作中必须树立的意识,也是保障女性权益必要的途径。但是我国的灾害救助管理体系是“自上而下”的管理模式,存在着缺乏社会性别意识、缺少分性别统计数据、低估女性在灾害中的能力发挥和贡献等问题,女性在灾后的需求往往无法得到满足,不利于灾后女性心理重建和个人发展。针对现代灾害管理中存在的性别问题,灾害社会工作者以其在灾害中扮演的独特角色和专业本质属性,在介入灾后救助工作中具有天然优势。自2008年“5.12"汶川特大地震发生后,以“助人自助"为专业使命的社会工作者在第一时间奔赴灾区开展工作,填补了在此之前灾害社会工作实务几乎空白的历史,灾害社会工作在理论和实务领域的迅速发展使其越来越成为受学术界和社会关注的灾害救助力量①。本文通过大量的文献研究和案例分析,分别从两性受灾害影响的差异性、我国灾害管理理论中的性别问题、灾害社会工作解决性别问题的优势分析、社会性别视角下灾害社会工作的介入途径研究等四部分,阐述了灾害社会工作推动社会性别平等、保障性别公平、实现两性和谐发展的重大作用和意义。
[Abstract]:China is one of the few countries with high incidence of natural disasters in the world. Because of the characteristics of many kinds of disasters, high frequency, wide distribution and great difference in regional disaster relief capacity, the affected areas often suffer huge casualties and property losses, and cause serious mental blows to the people in the disaster areas. Especially for women in disaster areas, they are more vulnerable to natural disasters, prone to physical health, psychology, access to resources and expression of rights, personal development and so on. From the perspective of gender, it is necessary to fully evaluate and consider the needs of women, to give them a reasonable channel of expression and opportunities to participate in social affairs, which must be established in the work of disaster relief, and is also a necessary way to protect the rights and interests of women. However, the disaster relief management system of our country is a "top-down" management model, which has some problems, such as lack of gender awareness, lack of gender statistics, underestimating the ability and contribution of women in disasters, and so on. Women's post-disaster needs are often unmet, which is not conducive to women's psychological reconstruction and personal development. In view of the gender problems existing in modern disaster management, disaster social workers have natural advantages in the post-disaster relief work because of their unique role and professional nature. Since the "May 12" Wenchuan earthquake occurred in 2008, social workers with the professional mission of "helping others to help themselves" have rushed to the disaster areas to carry out their work in the first time, filling up the history of almost blank practice of disaster social work before that. With the rapid development of disaster social work in the field of theory and practice, it has become a disaster relief force of academic and social concern more and more. Through a large number of literature studies and case studies, this paper analyzes the differences between the two sexes affected by disasters, the gender issues in the disaster management theory, and the advantages of the disaster social work in solving the gender problems. Four parts of the research on the approach of disaster social work from the perspective of social gender are discussed in this paper. The important role and significance of disaster social work in promoting gender equality, ensuring gender equity and realizing the harmonious development of both sexes are expounded.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D632.5;C916

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