公民非伦理行为对公共政策执行的影响研究

发布时间：2018-07-10 13:13

本文选题：行政参与 + 目标群体　；参考：《西南交通大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着民主意识的增强,公民越来越多的参与到公共政策的执行过程中。公民的参与一方面提高了政策制定的科学性和民主性,另一方面也给政策的执行带来了困扰。公民基于自身利益的考虑,经常在参与政策的执行过程中做出一些非伦理性行为,影响政策的顺利执行。本文分析了国内外对伦理决策模型和公共政策执行的基本研究现状,并对公民非伦理行为和政策执行的影响因素做了解释说明。通过对现有文献资料的分析,得到行政参与中公民非伦理行为的产生动机、行为过程、对政策执行的影响方式以及影响的后果等结论。产生的动机源于政策执行的偏差；行为过程符合一般决策过程；对政策执行的影响方式包括抵制和反对、干预和影响、利用和规避、漠视和拖延。对政策执行的影响主要有积极和消极影响两个方面,其中消极的影响占主要的地位。在文献分析的基础上,本文选用典型案例进行深入分析。根据公民非伦理行为对政策执行的不同作用方式,本研究选取银川出租车罢运事件、杨凌拆迁事件、家电下乡买旧换新、个税申报四个案例,通过对文件记录、间接收集资料、半结构式访谈等基本研究方法,对案例进行匹配分析,并总结相关案例分析特征,试图通过一般性结论来构建模型。在已有伦理决策模型和政策执行模型的基础上,提出了行政参与中公民非伦理行为的决策过程模型和公民非伦理行为对政策执行影响的模型。得出三个基本结论,即行政参与中公民伦理决策过程要考虑行为的政治奖惩和他人因素、公民非伦理行为与政策执行四因素之间是相互影响的关系、政府可以通过控制政策执行四因素来控制公民非伦理行为的发生。在理论分析的基础上,本研究第六部分对避免公民非伦理行为发生、提高行政执行的效率提出了一些政策建议。主要包括提高公共政策制定质量、提高政策执行主体素质、提高目标群体参与素质、优化政策执行环境等。
[Abstract]:With the strengthening of democratic consciousness, citizens are more and more involved in the implementation of public policy. On the one hand, citizen participation improves the scientific and democratic nature of policy making, on the other hand, it brings difficulties to the implementation of policy. Based on the consideration of self-interest, citizens often make some non-ethical behaviors in the process of participating in the implementation of policies, which affect the smooth implementation of policies. This paper analyzes the basic research status of ethical decision-making model and public policy implementation at home and abroad, and explains the influencing factors of citizen's non-ethical behavior and policy implementation. Based on the analysis of the existing literature, the author draws the conclusion that the citizen's non-ethical behavior in the process of administrative participation is motivated, the process of behavior, the way of influence on the policy implementation and the consequences of the influence, and so on. The motivation comes from the deviation of the policy implementation; the behavior process accords with the general decision-making process; the influence ways to the policy implementation include resistance and opposition, intervention and influence, utilization and circumvention, indifference and procrastination. The impact on policy implementation is mainly positive and negative. On the basis of literature analysis, this paper selects typical cases for in-depth analysis. According to the different functions of citizens' non-ethical behavior on policy implementation, this study selects four cases: Yinchuan Taxi strike, Yang Ling demolition, Home Appliances purchase and replacement, personal tax reporting, and indirectly collecting data by recording documents. The basic research methods, such as semi-structured interview, are used to analyze the case matching, and summarize the characteristics of the relevant case analysis, and try to build the model through the general conclusions. Based on the existing ethical decision-making model and policy implementation model, the decision process model of citizen's non-ethical behavior in administrative participation and the model of the influence of citizen's non-ethical behavior on policy implementation are put forward. Three basic conclusions are drawn, that is, the political rewards and punishments of behavior and other factors should be considered in the process of citizen ethical decision-making in the process of administrative participation, and the relationship between non-ethical behavior of citizens and four factors of policy implementation is mutual influence. The government can control the occurrence of citizen's non-ethical behavior by controlling four factors of policy implementation. On the basis of theoretical analysis, the sixth part of this study puts forward some policy suggestions to avoid the occurrence of non-ethical behavior of citizens and to improve the efficiency of administrative execution. It mainly includes improving the quality of public policy making, improving the quality of the main body of policy execution, improving the quality of participation of the target group, optimizing the environment of policy implementation, etc.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D035

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