效率机制还是合法性机制:发达国家聘任制公务员改革的比较分析——兼论中国聘任制公务员范围的选择

发布时间：2018-08-27 15:38

【摘要】：中国公务员聘任制改革试点中一个比较有争议的问题是聘任制公务员的实施范围问题。各主要发达国家聘任制公务员的范围和规模也差异很大。运用组织行为学中两个相互竞争的理论流派——理性选择理论和制度学派,通过对各发达国家政府规模、政治价值观等变量与其聘任制公务员范围大小之间的相关性分析发现,各国在选择确定其聘任制公务员范围时更多地体现出了制度学派所主张的合法性机制而不是理性选择学派所主张的效率机制,即一个国家的主流政治价值观如果更多地体现出"亲市场"而不是"亲政府"的特点,那么其采用大范围型聘任制公务员的可能性越大。循着这种逻辑,中国的聘任制改革无疑应当选择小范围型的聘任制公务员作为目标。
[Abstract]:A controversial issue in the pilot reform of civil servant appointment system in China is the issue of the scope of implementation of the appointment system of civil servants. The scope and scale of the appointment system of civil servants in major developed countries also vary greatly. By using two competing schools of theory in organizational behavior, rational choice theory and institutional school, this paper analyzes the correlation between the scale of government, political values and the scope of civil servants in various developed countries. When countries choose to determine the scope of their civil servants, the legitimacy mechanism advocated by the institutional school is more embodied than the efficiency mechanism advocated by the rational choice school. That is, if the mainstream political values of a country embody the characteristics of "pro-market" rather than "pro-government", the more likely it is to adopt a large-scale employment system for civil servants. Following this logic, China's reform of the appointment system should undoubtedly choose a small range of civil servants as the goal.
【作者单位】：南京大学政府管理学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目“党政干部分类管理制度研究”(编号:10BZZ018)资助项目
【分类号】：D630.3

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