W区政府购买公共服务的问题及改进策略研究
发布时间：2018-10-09 16:50
【摘要】：公共服务的政府采购行为发源在西方资本主义国家,在具体实践中,西方国家发展出了合同出租、公私合营、用户付费、凭单制等操作制度。实践证明,购买公共服务有助于提高效率、降低成本,提升质量。本文首先对政府购买公共服务的相关概念和理论进行了回顾,对政府、公共服务、社会组织等相关概念做了界定,对公共产品理论、新公共管理学理论、绩效管理理论做了介绍和总结。在对W区目前已经开展的政府购买公共服务的类型与项目简要介绍后,归纳总结出规模总量持续扩大、方式类型全面多样、购买成效初步显现等三方面的特点。通过对相关数据和案例的分析,得出了规模比例仍然较低,实施领域缺乏界定及范围有限,政策导向性明显及购买竞争力不强,缺乏购买价格的标准化核算方法亟须完善四个主要问题,在进一步对问题进行分析后,发现了认识理念有待提升、制度标准亟需完善、社会组织不够壮大、缺乏购买公共服务有效监管四个主要原因。同时,为了更好的推进课题研究,还专题赴宁波市海曙区、无锡市锡山区两个地区进行了调研,获取了两地政府在推进政府购买公共服务方面的成功经验。两地在推进政府购买公共服务方面开展的较早,也取得了较好的社会效果。总体而言,海曙区的做法主要是自下而上型,主要都是基层的自发实践。锡山区的做法主要是自上而下型,主要是基于上级的统一部署而展开。两地的不同表现也与江浙两地分别注重外资和民资的发展模式所吻合,有力的证明了经济基础对上层建筑的决定作用。同时,还介绍了西方国家政府购买公共服务的情况,归纳了有关经验。在上述工作的基础上,本文最后就W区政府购买公共服务的改进措施进行了一些探讨,并提出了加大宣传,强化对政府购买公共服务的意义认知;准确定位,明确政府在购买公共服务中的角色;制定政府购买公共服务清单,壮大社会组织力量;提高政府购买公共服务的竞争性;确定合理政府采购模式,提升公共服务效率等5项建议举措,以期为W区政府进一步改进购买公共服务提供借鉴。
[Abstract]:The government procurement of public service originated in the western capitalist countries. In practice, the western countries have developed operating systems such as contract lease, public-private joint venture, user payment, voucher system, and so on. Practice has proved that the purchase of public services will help to improve efficiency, reduce costs and improve quality. This paper first reviews the relevant concepts and theories of government purchasing public service, defines the related concepts of government, public service, social organization and so on, and makes a definition of the theory of public goods and the theory of new public management. The theory of performance management is introduced and summarized. After a brief introduction of the types and projects of the public service purchased by the government in W area, the author summarizes the three characteristics of the government's purchase of public services, such as the continuous expansion of the total scale, the comprehensive diversity of the modes, and the initial effectiveness of the purchase. Through the analysis of relevant data and cases, it is concluded that the scale ratio is still low, the scope of implementation is limited, the policy orientation is obvious and the purchasing competitiveness is not strong. It is urgent to perfect the four main problems in the lack of standardized accounting method of purchase price. After further analysis of the problems, it is found that the understanding idea needs to be improved, the system standard needs to be improved urgently, and the social organization is not strong enough. There are four main reasons for the lack of effective supervision over the purchase of public services. At the same time, in order to better promote the topic research, also went to Ningbo Haishu District, Wuxi City Xishan two areas of research, to obtain the two governments in the promotion of government procurement of public services successful experience. The two places in the promotion of government purchase of public services earlier, but also achieved better social results. Overall, Haishu District's practice is mainly from the bottom-up type, mainly grass-roots spontaneous practice. The practice of Xishan is mainly top-down, mainly based on the unified deployment of the higher level. The different performance of the two places is also consistent with the development model of Jiangsu and Zhejiang, which proves that the economic base plays a decisive role in the superstructure. At the same time, it also introduces the situation of western governments buying public services and summarizes the relevant experience. On the basis of the above work, this paper finally discusses the improvement measures of the government purchasing public service in W district, and puts forward some suggestions on how to increase publicity, strengthen the understanding of the significance of government purchase of public service, and locate the public service accurately. Clear the role of government in the purchase of public services; make government purchase list of public services, strengthen social organization; improve the competitiveness of government to purchase public services; determine a reasonable government procurement model, To improve the efficiency of public services and other five measures to provide a reference for the W District Government to further improve the purchase of public services.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D630
本文编号：2260061
[Abstract]:The government procurement of public service originated in the western capitalist countries. In practice, the western countries have developed operating systems such as contract lease, public-private joint venture, user payment, voucher system, and so on. Practice has proved that the purchase of public services will help to improve efficiency, reduce costs and improve quality. This paper first reviews the relevant concepts and theories of government purchasing public service, defines the related concepts of government, public service, social organization and so on, and makes a definition of the theory of public goods and the theory of new public management. The theory of performance management is introduced and summarized. After a brief introduction of the types and projects of the public service purchased by the government in W area, the author summarizes the three characteristics of the government's purchase of public services, such as the continuous expansion of the total scale, the comprehensive diversity of the modes, and the initial effectiveness of the purchase. Through the analysis of relevant data and cases, it is concluded that the scale ratio is still low, the scope of implementation is limited, the policy orientation is obvious and the purchasing competitiveness is not strong. It is urgent to perfect the four main problems in the lack of standardized accounting method of purchase price. After further analysis of the problems, it is found that the understanding idea needs to be improved, the system standard needs to be improved urgently, and the social organization is not strong enough. There are four main reasons for the lack of effective supervision over the purchase of public services. At the same time, in order to better promote the topic research, also went to Ningbo Haishu District, Wuxi City Xishan two areas of research, to obtain the two governments in the promotion of government procurement of public services successful experience. The two places in the promotion of government purchase of public services earlier, but also achieved better social results. Overall, Haishu District's practice is mainly from the bottom-up type, mainly grass-roots spontaneous practice. The practice of Xishan is mainly top-down, mainly based on the unified deployment of the higher level. The different performance of the two places is also consistent with the development model of Jiangsu and Zhejiang, which proves that the economic base plays a decisive role in the superstructure. At the same time, it also introduces the situation of western governments buying public services and summarizes the relevant experience. On the basis of the above work, this paper finally discusses the improvement measures of the government purchasing public service in W district, and puts forward some suggestions on how to increase publicity, strengthen the understanding of the significance of government purchase of public service, and locate the public service accurately. Clear the role of government in the purchase of public services; make government purchase list of public services, strengthen social organization; improve the competitiveness of government to purchase public services; determine a reasonable government procurement model, To improve the efficiency of public services and other five measures to provide a reference for the W District Government to further improve the purchase of public services.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D630
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