传承与变异：印尼美达华人宗教信仰研究

发布时间：2018-10-14 12:16

【摘要】：作为海外移民,华人在踏上印尼国家的土地之时,面对迷茫未知的未来世界,充满恐惧的内心只能依靠宗教信仰排解,寻求心理慰藉。特别是经过“9·30”事件,被逼迁至棉兰之后,面对生存和发展的困境,美达华人侧重于依托精神世界的解放与满足,宗教信仰体系逐渐完善。在国内政治环境和祖籍国传统宗教文化的影响下,美达华人形成了多元神灵信仰体系,大传统下的佛道信仰、小传统下的民间信仰、异族鬼神崇拜等共同组成了美达华人的宗教信仰。其中,佛教体系的宗教观念承袭了中国佛教文化的特点、道教体系下的乩童和宗教仪式为宗教文化传承的重要载体,民间信仰中的诸崇拜均受中国传统宗教文化的影响。由此,可以发现,美达华人的宗教信仰很大程度上传承了中国宗法性传统宗教、佛、道一体的神灵祭祀、沟通人神的道教仪式、实用主义的多元崇拜等宗教文化,但是,为了更好地融入印尼主流社会,求得更好的发展,美达华人的宗教信仰也进行了一定的变异,如出现了就地造神祭祀、异族鬼神崇拜等。美达华人宗教信仰对中国传统宗教文化的传承,是华人中华文化认同的重要凸显,但无论是传承中国传统宗教文化,抑或对宗教信仰做出调适,均出自美达华人为在异国他乡求得稳定发展的功能需要。
[Abstract]:As an overseas immigrant, the Chinese face the uncertain future world when they set foot on the land of Indonesia, the fear heart can only rely on religious belief to resolve, seek psychological comfort. Especially after the "9.30" incident, was forced to move to Medan, facing the plight of survival and development, Meida Chinese focused on the emancipation and satisfaction of the spiritual world, and the religious belief system gradually improved. Under the influence of the domestic political environment and the traditional religious culture of their ancestral countries, the Chinese people in China have formed a multi-divinity belief system, a Buddhist and Taoist belief in a large tradition, and a folk belief in a small tradition. The worship of alien ghosts and gods together formed the religious beliefs of the Meida Chinese. Among them, the religious concept of the Buddhist system inherited the characteristics of Chinese Buddhist culture, the spirit children and religious rituals under the Taoist system were important carriers of religious and cultural inheritance, and the worship in folk belief was influenced by the Chinese traditional religious culture. As a result, it can be found that the religious beliefs of the Chinese Medal Chinese are to a large extent inherited from the traditional Chinese patriarchal religion, the spiritual sacrifice of the Buddha and Taoism, the Taoist ritual of communicating with the gods, and the pluralistic worship of pragmatism, etc. However, In order to better integrate into the mainstream society of Indonesia and seek better development, the religious beliefs of the Chinese in Meida also changed, such as the local creation of gods and sacrifices, the worship of ghosts and gods of other nationalities, and so on. The inheritance of Chinese traditional religious culture by Meida Chinese religious belief is an important highlight of Chinese cultural identity, but whether it is to inherit Chinese traditional religious culture or to adjust to religious belief, All come from Meida Chinese in order to seek stable development in foreign countries of the functional needs.
【学位授予单位】：广西民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：C955

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