公司治理、外部监管与上市公司财务报告透明度研究

发布时间：2018-05-01 03:20

本文选题：财务报告透明度 + 投资者保护　；参考：《东北财经大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：财务报告是承载会计信息的综合性文件,也是向投资者传递企业整体经营状况的有效途径。然而,一些企业为了追求短期效益,利用伪造凭证、虚构交易、调节盈余来制造良好经营的假象,欺骗中小投资者。接二连三的会计造假将财务报告笼上了一层阴影,给我们敲响了警钟—资本市场发展的同时不要忽略企业自身的会计信息质量。 “透明度”一词自1996年被引入会计领域以来,一直受到会计理论界的广泛关注。会计人始终以坚持不懈的努力和持之以恒的精神,在提高企业财务报告透明度的道路上奋勇前进。财务报告透明度及其影响因素的研究是一个既新又有潜力的领域,得出的结论不但能够保证企业的长远发展,更能为稳定资本市场经济秩序、优化资源配置、保护投资者利益提供基础和保障。然而,尽管目前各国组织,专家学者们已经得出了许多具有价值的宝贵结论,但由于各国社会、经济、法制环境的不同,能否直接应用还有待商榷。尤其是我国资本市场起步晚,法规制度不够完善,各方面都体现出“中国特色”,西方先进成果不但不能直接应用,有时甚至大相径庭。因此,本文在现有国内外先进的研究成果基础上,通过对投资者保护的理论分析,以上市公司为研究样本进行实证检验,并得出影响上市公司财务报告透明度的结论,同时针对结论提出政策建议以及本文研究不足和今后进一步研究方向,以期为我国上市公司财务报告透明度的提高贡献微薄之力。本文分为五大部分：第一部分,绪论。本部分主要阐述研究动机与意义、研究内容与思路以及做出的积极探索,为后文的深入研究展开铺垫。第二部分,文献综述。本文在第二部分对此从国内外两个方面分别对关于财务报告透明度的理解、财务报告透明度的影响因素以及透明度的衡量进行了梳理,综述了关于透明度的研究现状。第三部分,理论分析与研究假设。笔者以投资者保护为切入点,对投资者保护的主要问题(代理问题、信息问题)以及投资者保护与外部监管进行了理论分析。在借鉴和吸收各组织、专家的研究成果基础上,提出笔者对财务报告透明度的理解。首先是对财务报告及财务报告透明度等相关概念进行界定,并将财务报告透明度与财务报告质量进行了比较,分析两者的联系和区别,最后提出研究假设。第四部分,实证研究。经过理论分析,笔者认为影响财务报告透明度的内外两个方面主要是公司治理和外部监管。其中公司治理主要包括股权结构、董事会有效性和高管控制权,而外部监管主要包括政府干涉、法制环境和外部审计师意见。本文将深交所评级作为上市公司财务报告透明度的有效衡量,通过进行透明度高低两组对比分析以及逻辑回归得出实证结论。第五部分,结论与建议。这一部分主要包括研究结论、研究不足、进一步研究方向和政策建议。本文在吸收和借鉴前人成果的基础上,通过对投资者保护的理论分析,得出影响财务报告透明度的内外两个方面,即公司治理与外部监管,并以我国上市公司为研究样本进行实证检验。与以往仅以公司治理或外部监管某一方面为研究对象相比,本文将两者结合,研究对上市公司财务报告透明度的共同作用可以说是一个新的尝试。但本人能力和水平有限,对相关理论和研究方法的理解和运用还欠成熟,研究样本与变量的选择仍有待完善,笔者在今后的学习和工作中定会循环改进与不断探索。
[Abstract]:Financial report is a comprehensive document bearing the accounting information , and it is an effective way to transfer the overall management of the enterprise to the investors . However , some enterprises use forged vouchers , fictitious transactions , adjust the surplus to make good management artifacts and deceive small and small investors in order to pursue short - term benefits .

Since the term " transparency " has been introduced into the field of accounting since 1996 , accounting theory has been widely paid attention . The research on transparency of financial reporting and its influencing factors is a new and potential area .

Therefore , based on the advanced research results at home and abroad , this paper makes an empirical study on the investor protection through the theoretical analysis of investor protection , and obtains the conclusion that affects the transparency of the financial reporting of listed companies . At the same time , it puts forward the policy suggestion on the conclusion and the research direction in the future , so as to contribute to the improvement of the transparency of financial reporting of listed companies in our country .

This paper is divided into five parts :

Part I , Introduction . This part mainly expounds the motivation and significance of the study , the content and thinking of the study , and the positive exploration which has been made , which is to pave the way for the further study of the following text .

In the second part , the article summarizes the understanding of transparency of financial reporting , the influencing factors of transparency of financial reporting and the measurement of transparency in the second part , and summarizes the research status of transparency .

The third part , the theoretical analysis and the research hypothesis . The author takes investor protection as the entry point , analyzes the main problems of investor protection ( agency problem , information problem ) and investor protection and external regulation .

The fourth part , the empirical research . After the theoretical analysis , the author thinks that the two aspects which influence the transparency of financial reporting are mainly corporate governance and external supervision . The corporate governance mainly includes the ownership structure , the effectiveness of the board of directors and the control of the executive , and the external supervision mainly includes the government intervention , the legal environment and the external auditors ' opinions .

The fifth part , conclusions and recommendations . This part mainly includes research conclusion , lack of research , further research direction and policy suggestion .

On the basis of absorbing and drawing lessons from previous achievements , this paper analyzes the theory of investor protection , and obtains the two aspects which influence the transparency of financial reporting , namely corporate governance and external supervision .

【学位授予单位】：东北财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F275;F832.51

【参考文献】