惠东县栋梁嶂森林公园植物区系及资源分析

发布时间：2018-04-14 04:15

本文选题：植物区系 + 植物资源　；参考：《仲恺农业工程学院》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：栋梁嶂森林公园位于广东省东南部的惠州市惠东县安墩镇东北方,地理位置为N23°23′,E115°08′,总面积为7143.9亩,以山地地貌为主,公园内最高海拔有638.5m,该森林公园位于热带向亚热带过渡的地区。笔者自2015年9月起,跟随课题组一起多次对栋梁嶂森林公园进行植被调查和标本的采集,本文对该地植物区系组成、区系特点及资源进行研究与分析,具体成果如下所示:(1)栋梁嶂森林公园维管植物一共1167种,从属于194科,610属。其中,栽培种有32种,从属于24科,25属;野生种有1135种,从属于170科,585属。野生种中,蕨类植物占总种数的8.02%,共有91种,从属于34科53属;裸子植物占总种数的0.44%,共有5种,从属于3科5属;被子植物占总种数的91.54%,共有1039种,从属于151科,533属。(2)该研究地种子植物属的分布类型分有13个类型,扣除世界分布类型后,各类热带分布成分之和占种子植物总属数的75.26%,温带成分分布占到15.17%,东亚及中国特有占9.58%。所以,该研究地植物区系显示出明显的热带性,同时还存有温带成分。(3)将栋梁嶂森林公园与同纬度地区的黑石顶、南昆山、象头山植物区系成分进行比较发现,其与同纬度地区的植物区系成分关系密切;与不同纬度地区的尖峰岭、武夷山、神农架植物区系成分进行比较发现,其与不同纬度不同气候带地区的植物区系成分关系不密切。本文还对本区野生植物资源进行了分析与研究,结果如下:从食用植物资源、药用植物资源、工业用植物资源、环境改造植物资源和饲用植物资源5个方面调查发现:栋梁嶂森林公园食用植物资源共有124种;药用植物资源共有526种;工业用植物资源共有224种;环境改造植物资源共有748种;饲用植物资源共有39种。在栋梁嶂森林公园资源植物中,药用植物资源与环境改造植物资源最丰富。其中特别值得提出并加以利用开发的植物有:油脂类的山胡椒、油茶等;药用类的板蓝、黄樟、狗肝菜、海金沙、土茯苓等;食用野菜类的乌毛蕨野茼蒿等;食用杂果类的金樱子、桃金娘等;观赏类的枫香、乌桕、杜鹃属多种等。
[Abstract]:Dongliangzhang Forest Park is located in the northeast of Andun Town, Huidong County, Huidong County, in the southeast of Guangdong Province.The highest elevation in the park is 638.5 m, the forest park is located in the tropical to subtropical transition area.Since September 2015, the author has carried out vegetation investigation and collection of specimens in Dongliangzhang Forest Park several times with the research group. In this paper, the floristic composition, floristic characteristics and resources of Dongliangzhang Forest Park have been studied and analyzed.There are 1167 species of vascular plants in Dongliangzhang Forest Park, belonging to 1167 families and 610 genera.Among them, there are 32 cultivated species, belonging to 25 genera of 24 families, and 1135 species of wild species, belonging to 585 genera of 170 families.Among wild species, pteridophytes account for 8.02 species, 91 species, belonging to 34 families and 53 genera; gymnosperms, 0.44 species, 5 species, belonging to 3 families, 5 genera; angiosperms, 91.54 species, 1039 species.The distribution types of seed plants in this research area are divided into 13 types. After deducting the world distribution types, the sum of all kinds of tropical distributive components accounts for 75.26% of the total genera of seed plants, the distribution of temperate components accounts for 15.17%, and that of East Asia and China is 9.58%.Therefore, the flora of Dongliangzhang Forest Park shows obvious tropics and temperate elements. (3) the flora of Dongliangzhang Forest Park is compared with that of Heshiding, South Kunshan and Xiangtou Mountains in the same latitude area, and the floristic composition of Dongliangzhang Forest Park is also found.It is closely related to the floristic composition in the same latitude area, and not closely related to the floristic composition of the Jianfeng Mountains, Wuyi Mountain and Shennongjia in different latitudes.The results are as follows: from edible plant resources, medicinal plant resources, industrial plant resources, the paper also analyzes and studies the wild plant resources in this area, the results are as follows: the edible plant resources, the medicinal plant resources, the industrial plant resources,A total of 124 species of edible plant resources, 526 species of medicinal plant resources, 224 species of industrial plant resources and 124 species of edible plant resources were found in Dongliangzhang Forest Park.There are 748 species of plant resources and 39 species of forage plant resources.In Dongliangzhang Forest Park, medicinal plant resources and environmental transformation plant resources are the most abundant.Among them, the plants worthy to be put forward and exploited are greasy pepper, Camellia oleifera and so on; medicinal plants, such as blue blue, cinnamomum camphora, liverleaf, sea sand, Poria cocos, etc., and edible wild vegetables, such as Chrysanthemum chrysanthemum, etc.Edible miscellaneous fruits of the cherry, peach, etc.; ornamental Maple, Sapium, Rhododendron, and so on.
【学位授予单位】：仲恺农业工程学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU986.52;S688

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