电梯能量回馈系统的谐波抑制研究

发布时间：2018-09-17 15:31

【摘要】：随着能源紧缺问题的日益突出,开发可再生新能源成为研究热点之一。电梯专用能量回馈装置是针对日益严重的电梯能耗而开发的一种能源可再生装置,将原本通过制动电阻耗散的能量重新回馈到电网,达到能源再生的目的。由于将能量重新回馈到电网,会对电网的稳定和周围的用电设备的正常运行产生干扰,而这些干扰主要是回馈能量时产生的谐波电流和谐波电压等引起,因此研究如何降低再生能源中的谐波含量具有重要的理论意义和应用价值。本文将通过软件锁相环控制和死区补偿控制策略与硬件相配合的方式,使回馈电网能量的谐波达到要求,降低对电网的干扰和对周围用电设备的危害。通过软件锁相环控制策略,可以对电网三相电压相位角进行精确的跟踪,确保输出电压相位的准确性,从而减小输出电压畸变。通过采用IGBT死区时间补偿的控制策略,保证开关管实际开通时间与理想开通时间相同,可以有效地降低系统三相交流输出电压的相位偏差,从而减小因输出电压畸变而导致的输出电流畸变,使输出电流波形正弦化,提高了能量回馈的并网回馈性能,减小并网谐波。通过软件锁相环控制与死区补偿相结合的控制策略,既保证了能量回馈装置对不同电网的适应性、输出电压相位的准确性,同时又降低了能量回馈的并网电压和电流畸变,从而降低并网能量的谐波。硬件谐波抑制采用电网三相电压采样、上下桥驱动互锁和串联能量回馈专用电抗器的方法,与软件控制策略相配合,进一步降低输出谐波。电网三相电压采样电路的设计可以确保软件锁相环控制策略对电网相位角度的精确跟踪和输出相位角度的准确定位。IGBT上下桥驱动互锁电路的设计,从原理设计上降低开关管上下桥直通短路的可能,从硬件上缩短死区时间,是软件死区补偿控制策略的硬件支持和补充,保证了死区补偿控制策略改善输出相位偏差的效果。能量回馈专用电抗器具有小体积、重量轻、低噪音、良好滤波和散热效果、寿命长等优点,通过串联能量回馈专用电抗器可以达到无功补偿和降低谐波的效果。
[Abstract]:With the problem of energy shortage becoming increasingly prominent, the development of renewable energy has become one of the research hotspots. Elevator-specific energy feedback device is a kind of energy renewable device developed for the increasingly serious energy consumption of elevators. The energy dissipated by braking resistance is returned to the grid to achieve the purpose of energy regeneration. If the quantity is re-fed back to the power grid, it will interfere with the stability of the power grid and the normal operation of the surrounding electrical equipment. These interferences are mainly caused by the harmonic current and harmonic voltage generated by the energy feedback. Therefore, it is of great theoretical significance and practical value to study how to reduce the harmonic content in the renewable energy. The control strategy of PLL and dead-time compensation is combined with hardware to meet the requirements of harmonics of power grid energy feedback and reduce the interference to power grid and the harm to peripheral equipment. By adopting the control strategy of IGBT dead-time compensation to ensure that the actual switching-on time is the same as the ideal switching-on time, the phase deviation of the three-phase AC output voltage of the system can be effectively reduced, thus the output current distortion caused by the output voltage distortion can be reduced and the output current waveform can be made. The sinusoidal control strategy, which combines the software phase-locked loop control with dead-time compensation, ensures the adaptability of the energy feedback device to different power grids and the accuracy of the output voltage phase, and reduces the voltage and current distortion of the energy feedback network, thereby reducing the power feedback. Harmonics with low grid-connected energy. Hardware harmonic suppression uses three-phase voltage sampling, up-and-down bridge driving interlocking and series energy feedback reactors to further reduce the output harmonics in coordination with the software control strategy. The design of three-phase voltage sampling circuit can ensure the phase angle of the software phase-locked loop control strategy to the grid. The design of IGBT up-and-down bridge drive interlock circuit can reduce the possibility of short-circuit and shorten the dead-time in hardware. It is the hardware support and supplement of software dead-time compensation control strategy, and ensures the dead-time compensation control strategy to improve the output phase. The energy feedback reactor has the advantages of small size, light weight, low noise, good filtering and heat dissipation effect, long life, etc. It can achieve reactive power compensation and reduce harmonics by series energy feedback reactor.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU857

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