液压挖掘机履带支重轮密封失效分析及试验研究

发布时间：2018-12-20 15:29

【摘要】：支重轮是液压挖掘机履带行走装置的重要组成元件,其工作环境恶劣,承受载荷复杂,失效率较高,影响着挖掘机的工作安全和生产效率。本文结合校企合作项目“XE60CA液压挖掘机履带行走装置性能分析及故障机理研究”,对液压挖掘机履带支重轮的密封失效问题进行了数值分析和试验研究。通过挖掘机整机试验得到了支重轮在典型工况下的受力,并基于实测载荷对支重轮总成进行了非线性有限元分析。设计并制造了支重轮测试试验台,通过试验对支重轮的漏油原因及密封失效机理进行了探讨,并提出了改进方案。在查阅国内外相关研究文献的基础上,阐述了履带行走装置故障机理及浮动油封的研究现状,归纳了目前对于履带故障机理及浮动油封研究的主要方法。对液压挖掘机履带行走装置的结构进行了介绍,并通过理论计算和虚拟样机仿真相结合的方法对挖掘机履带支重轮在典型行驶及挖掘工况下的受力进行了分析。通过液压挖掘机整机试验,实测了挖掘机直行、转向及挖掘等典型工况下的支重轮的实际受力情况。利用实测载荷对支重轮进行了非线性有限元分析,得到了极限工况下支重轮总成各部分的应力状态。分析结果表明,支重轮自身的强度和刚度满足设计要求,支重轮漏油并不是由于其自身强度刚度不足导致的。对支重轮的密封结构进行了介绍,并对其密封性能进行了理论计算,对支重轮可能发生漏油的位置进行了分析。设计并制造了支重轮测试试验台,利用该试验台对支重轮进行了实际工况的模拟试验,确定了支重轮的实际漏油位置及密封失效原因。在ABAQUS软件中建立了浮封胶圈的有限元模型,并进行了有限元分析,得到了浮封胶圈工作时的应力及压力状态。为了减少支重轮漏油故障的发生,延长支重轮的使用寿命,针对支重轮密封失效原因,提出了相应的改进方案。本文通过试验的方法实测了支重轮在典型工况下的实际受力情况,通过试验与有限元分析相结合的方法对支重轮的漏油问题进行了研究,并提出了改进方案,为支重轮及其密封组件的改进设计及优化提供了参考。
[Abstract]:The supporting wheel is an important component of the crawler walking device of the hydraulic excavator. The working environment is bad, the load is complex and the failure rate is high, which affects the working safety and production efficiency of the excavator. In this paper, combined with the project of school and enterprise cooperation, "performance analysis and fault mechanism study of XE60CA hydraulic excavator caterpillar walking device", the sealing failure of crawler supporting heavy wheel of hydraulic excavator is numerically analyzed and tested. Based on the test of excavator, the force of supporting wheel under typical working condition is obtained, and the nonlinear finite element analysis of the assembly is carried out based on the measured load. A test rig for supporting wheel is designed and manufactured. The reason of oil leakage and the failure mechanism of seal are discussed through the test, and the improvement scheme is put forward. On the basis of consulting relevant research documents at home and abroad, this paper expounds the fault mechanism of crawler walking device and the research status of floating oil seal, and summarizes the main research methods of track fault mechanism and floating oil seal at present. This paper introduces the structure of the crawler walking device of hydraulic excavator, and analyzes the force of the crawler support wheel of excavator under typical driving and excavation conditions by combining theoretical calculation with virtual prototype simulation. Through the whole machine test of hydraulic excavator, the actual force situation of support wheel under typical working conditions such as straight, steering and excavating of excavator is measured. The nonlinear finite element analysis of the supporting wheel is carried out by using the measured load, and the stress state of each part of the supporting wheel assembly is obtained under the limit condition. The results show that the strength and stiffness of the supporting wheel meet the design requirements, and the oil leakage is not caused by the insufficient strength and stiffness of the supporting wheel. The sealing structure of the supporting wheel is introduced, its sealing performance is calculated theoretically, and the possible oil leakage position of the supporting wheel is analyzed. The test rig for supporting wheel is designed and manufactured. The actual leakage location and sealing failure reason of the supporting wheel are determined by using the test bench to simulate the actual working conditions of the supporting wheel. The finite element model of floating seal was established in ABAQUS software, and the stress and pressure state of floating seal was obtained by finite element analysis. In order to reduce the oil leakage fault and prolong the service life of the supporting wheel, the corresponding improvement scheme is put forward in view of the failure reason of the supporting wheel seal. In this paper, the actual force of the supporting wheel under typical working conditions is measured by the method of test, and the problem of oil leakage of the supporting wheel is studied by means of the combination of test and finite element analysis, and the improvement scheme is put forward. It provides a reference for the improved design and optimization of the supporting wheel and its sealing components.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU621

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