数学成就的性别差异

发布时间：2018-08-15 15:43

【摘要】：数学成就的性别差异是多年来广受关注的问题。长期以来人们多关注男性、女性数学成就水平的高低,而近年来研究结果一方面揭示出总体上男性和女性数学成就的平均水平差异很小,呈现出相似性多于差异性的特点;同时也显示男性内部变异比女性更大,男性在高数学成就者中占多数。数学成就性别差异的大小和方向受到评分系统、测验组织形式、测验内容和难度的影响。数学成就性别差异的形成是心理、生物、社会文化等方面多因素综合作用的结果。近期研究探讨了年龄、遗传和进化、激素和脑、刻板印象威胁、社会性别公平和时代等因素在数学成就性别差异的形成中的作用。未来对数学成就性别差异的研究应注意开展追踪研究,关注低数学能力者,进一步探讨复杂数学加工机制的性别差异,建立数学成就性别差异形成机制的综合模型,并在更广阔的社会文化背景下开展研究。
[Abstract]:The gender difference in mathematical achievement has been a subject of great concern for many years. For a long time, people have paid more attention to the level of mathematics achievement of men and women. On the one hand, the research results in recent years reveal that the average level of mathematics achievement between men and women is very small, showing the characteristics of similarity more than difference; It also showed a greater variation within men than in women, with men dominating high-math achievement. The gender difference in mathematical achievement is influenced by the scoring system, the form of test organization, the content and difficulty of the test. The formation of gender difference in mathematical achievement is the result of many factors, such as psychology, biology, social culture and so on. Recent studies have explored the role of age, genetics and evolution, hormones and brains, stereotyping threats, gender equity and age in the formation of gender differences in mathematical achievement. In the future, the research on the gender difference of mathematical achievement should pay attention to the following research, pay attention to the low mathematics ability, further explore the gender difference of the complex mathematical processing mechanism, and establish the comprehensive model of the forming mechanism of the gender difference of the mathematics achievement. And in a broader context of social and cultural research.
【作者单位】：北京师范大学认知神经科学与学习国家重点实验室;
【基金】：国家科技基础专项(2006FY110400)支持
【分类号】：G44

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