流动儿童心理弹性特征及自主神经调节作用的研究

发布时间：2018-01-20 11:33

本文关键词： 流动儿童心理弹性自主神经功能　出处：《河北师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：内容改革开放以来,我国经济发展取得了举世瞩目的成就,随着城镇化建设的不断深入,越来越多的农村劳动力开始大规模地涌向城市或发达地区。虽然我国目前正致力于统筹城乡发展的工作,但由于历史原因,我国城乡二元文化结构依然存在。随着农民工的不断涌入,“农民工子女”问题逐渐演变为一个严峻的社会问题。本研究的研究对象就是这些跟随父母进城的农民工子女,即“流动儿童”。流动儿童的多次社会适应和身份歧视,给他们的身心发展带来了诸多负面影响。流动儿童是我国城镇化进程的必然产物,是和平时期社会稳定和谐发展面临的最大挑战。因此,寻求流动儿童的心理干预机制,帮助他们健康成长,是刻不容缓的,也是每一位心理学工作者必须重视的问题。根据国内外研究现状,本研究以心理弹性为切入点,深入调查流动儿童和城市儿童在社会适应方面的差异,并探讨自主神经系统对心理弹性是否有调节作用,希望从提高流动儿童迷走神经张力的角度找到改善流动儿童现状的一些方法。主要采用问卷调查法和实验法。通过数据分析,本研究得出以下结论:(1)在心理弹性水平和社会适应水平上,流动儿童显著低于城市儿童,主要体现在同伴支持、学校参与、家庭参与和社会支持等方面,在自主学习和环境满意度上城市儿童和流动儿童差异同样显著。(2)通过给被试提供一个应激条件,再让被试进行认知实验的双任务实验范式,证实了高心理弹性的个体能更好的应对外界环境的变化,这也解释了为什么有的流动儿童在极其不利的生活条件下依然表现良好。(3)用生理多导仪测量被试的心电,分析被试的心率变异性,发现高心理弹性的个体迷走神经张力更强,具体表现为静息状态下,高心理弹性组的时域指标RMSSD和频域指标HF显著高于其他组。而提高迷走神经张力的方法有很多,如运动、放松训练等,或许我们可以从这个角度出发提高那些适应不良的流动儿童的迷走神经张力进而增强其社会适应性。
[Abstract]:Content since the reform and opening up, China's economic development has made remarkable achievements, with the continuous deepening of urbanization. More and more rural labor force began to pour into cities or developed areas on a large scale. Although our country is currently committed to the overall planning of urban and rural development, but due to historical reasons. The dual cultural structure of urban and rural areas still exists in China. With the continuous influx of migrant workers. The problem of "children of migrant workers" has gradually evolved into a severe social problem. The research object of this study is the children of migrant workers who follow their parents into the city. That is, "floating children". The social adaptation and identity discrimination of migrant children have brought many negative effects to their physical and mental development. Migrant children are the inevitable outcome of the urbanization process in China. Therefore, it is urgent to seek psychological intervention mechanism for migrant children to help them grow up healthily. According to the current research situation at home and abroad, this study takes the psychological elasticity as the starting point to investigate the differences between migrant children and urban children in social adaptation. And to explore whether the autonomic nervous system can regulate the psychological elasticity. The author hopes to find some methods to improve the current situation of floating children from the angle of increasing vagal tension. The following conclusions are drawn: (1) in terms of the level of psychological resilience and social adaptation, migrant children are significantly lower than urban children, mainly reflected in peer support, school participation, family participation and social support. The differences between urban children and migrant children in autonomous learning and environmental satisfaction were also significant. 2) by providing subjects with a stress condition, the participants were asked to conduct cognitive experiments in a double-task experimental paradigm. It is proved that the individuals with high psychological flexibility can better cope with the changes of the external environment. This also explains why some floating children still perform well under extremely unfavorable living conditions.) the heart rate variability of the subjects was analyzed by using physiological polyconductometer. It was found that the individual with high psychological elasticity had stronger vagal tension, which was manifested in resting state. The RMSSD and HF in time domain and frequency domain in high psychoelasticity group were significantly higher than those in other groups, but there were many ways to improve vagus nerve tension, such as exercise, relaxation training and so on. Perhaps we can start from this point of view by increasing vagal tension and social adaptability in the maladjusted migrant children.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B844.1

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