表达性艺术治疗方法在工读学生心理辅导中的应用研究

发布时间：2018-03-01 18:32

本文关键词： 大德育心理健康教育表达性艺术治疗工读学生团体心理辅导　出处：《江西理工大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：工读教育是预防青少年违法犯罪的重要组成部分,但多年以来的工读教育手段单一,近年来,心理学的方法已经逐渐渗入到中小学、大学等普通学校教育和工读学校等特殊教育领域。应用心理学方法对工读学生进行辅导教育既是马克思主义人本思想的贯彻与落实,也是大德育的一项重要内容。2017年新年伊始,国家卫生计生委与中宣部、教育部、公安部、司法部等22个部委联合发文《关于加强心理健康服务的指导性意见》,文件强调了要加强心理健康教育,明确开展社会心理疏导是维护增进人民群众心理健康的重要内容,是社会主义核心价值观内化于心、外化于行的重要关键途径。叛逆、难于管教的工读学生作为不被普通教育接纳的一个群体,高屋建瓴式的教育方法无法发挥出作用,而心理学方法的应用能从教育对象的人格特点出发,以充分尊重和理解信任为基础,一改工读学校传统的军事化管制的手段,从“心”入手,能最大程度发挥出教育转化的作用,结合近几年的研究成果和转型成功的工读学校例子来看,利用心理学方法对工读生进行疏导已成为现今工读教育者的一个共识。表达性艺术治疗作为心理治疗和辅导的一种方法因其生动有趣、充分自由表达的设置能让被贴上“问题孩子”标签的工读生非常易于接受。本研究对江西省某市工读学校学生进行了长达4个月的两种不同形式的表达性艺术治疗团体心理辅导:一组进行单纯的绘画心理辅导;一组应用绘画、舞蹈、手工、游戏、即兴剧、剪贴画六种方式的表达性手段进行团体心理辅导。辅导前后分别对实验组和对照组进行《心理健康诊断测试MHT》量表测试,研究表明,在辅导前的前测均值上,实验组与对照组其MHT各项维度并不存在显著差异,但是经过12次的团体辅导后,在“学习焦虑”维度上,综合实验组辅导后均值显著低于对照组。“过敏倾向”维度上,绘画实验组与综合辅导组两组实验组在辅导后均值皆显著低于对照组;“冲动倾向”维度上,辅导后的综合实验组不仅显著低于辅导后的绘画组并且还非常显著低于对照组,说明表达性艺术治疗的辅导形式在工读学校开展是有效的。
[Abstract]:Work-study education is an important part of the prevention of juvenile delinquency. However, for many years, the means of work-study education have been single. In recent years, psychological methods have gradually penetrated into primary and secondary schools. In the field of special education, such as universities, general schools and work-study schools, it is not only the implementation and implementation of Marxist humanism, but also an important part of moral education to apply the psychological method to the guidance and education of work-study students. At the beginning of the new year in 2017, The State Health and Family Planning Commission, together with the propaganda Department of the Central Committee, the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Public Security, the Ministry of Justice, and other 22 ministries and commissions jointly issued "guiding opinions on strengthening Mental Health Services." the document stressed the need to strengthen mental health education. Clear development of social psychological guidance is an important content to maintain and promote the people's mental health, and an important key way to internalize and externalize the socialist core values in the mind. As a group that is not accepted by the general education, the hard-to-discipline work-study students can not play a role in the method of education, but the application of the psychological method can proceed from the personality characteristics of the educational object. On the basis of full respect for and understanding of trust, a change in the traditional militarized control means of work-study schools, starting with "heart", can maximize the role of educational transformation. Considering the research results of recent years and the successful examples of work-study schools, It has become a common understanding of today's working-reading educators to use psychological methods to channel students. Expressive art therapy as a method of psychotherapy and counseling is interesting because of its vividness. Fully free expression can make students who are labeled "problem children" very easy to accept. This study carried out two different forms of expressive art for students in a city of Jiangxi province for up to four months. Therapy group psychological counseling: a group of simple painting psychological counseling; In one group, six expressive methods of painting, dancing, handwork, game, improvisation and clip painting were used to conduct group psychological counseling. The mental health diagnosis test (MHT) scale was performed on the experimental group and the control group before and after the counseling. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the MHT dimensions between the experimental group and the control group, but after 12 group counseling, there was no significant difference in the "learning anxiety" dimension between the experimental group and the control group. The mean value of the comprehensive experimental group after counseling was significantly lower than that of the control group. In the "allergy" dimension, the mean value of the painting experimental group and the comprehensive counseling group was significantly lower than that of the control group, while the "impulsive tendency" dimension was significantly lower than that of the control group. The comprehensive experimental group after tutoring was not only significantly lower than the painting group but also very significantly lower than the control group, which indicated that the guidance form of expressive art therapy was effective in the work-study school.
【学位授予单位】：江西理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G448;G765

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