歧视知觉与农村留守儿童的抑郁：友谊质量的中介作用

发布时间：2018-03-22 22:09

本文选题：农村留守儿童　切入点：抑郁　出处：《山东师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：农村留守儿童的情绪适应受到社会各界的关注,抑郁是农村留守儿童最常见的情绪问题之一。抑郁情绪如果持续存在不仅会引起青少年当前的一系列心理和行为问题,而且还会对成年后的正常发展造成影响,所以导致青少年抑郁的因素及其对抑郁的影响机制得到大量关注。以往的研究发现,农村留守儿童的歧视知觉能显著正向预测其抑郁;其友谊质量能显著负向预测其抑郁;歧视知觉与友谊质量存在相关,但对三个变量的同时考察尚且缺乏,变量间的作用机制尚不明确。所以本研究将就歧视知觉、友谊质量和抑郁之间的关系进行考察。本研究采用心理测验法,运用歧视知觉、友谊质量、抑郁量表分别测查了629名双亲外出农村留守儿童和1074名父亲外出留守儿童,考察了不同留守类别儿童的歧视知觉、友谊质量和抑郁的特点,检验了歧视知觉、友谊质量对农村留守儿童抑郁的直接预测作用,探讨了友谊质量在歧视知觉与儿童抑郁之间的中介作用。研究结论如下:1.农村留守儿童的歧视知觉的留守类别主效应显著,即双亲外出留守儿童的歧视知觉显著高于父亲外出留守儿童。个体歧视知觉的留守类别主效应不显著;群体歧视知觉的留守类别主效应显著,双亲外出农村儿童显著高于单亲外出留守儿童。歧视知觉的性别主效应不显著。友谊质量之信任与支持维度、陪伴与娱乐维度、肯定价值维度在留守类别上的主效应显著,双亲外出留守儿童显著高于父亲外出留守儿童。友谊质量各维度的性别主效应,信任与支持维度、陪伴与娱乐维度、肯定价值维度和亲密袒露与交流维度上女生显著高于男生,冲突与背叛维度上男生显著高于女生。抑郁的留守类别主效应显著,双亲外出的农村儿童的抑郁显著低于父亲外出留守儿童。2.农村留守儿童的个体歧视知觉和群体歧视知觉均能显著正向预测其抑郁,即个体和群体歧视知觉越高,儿童的抑郁水平越高;友谊质量能显著负向预测儿童的抑郁。3.友谊质量在农村留守儿童的个体歧视知觉与抑郁之间、群体歧视知觉与抑郁之间起到部分中介作用,且存在留守类别上的差异。
[Abstract]:Depression is one of the most common emotional problems of rural left-behind children. If depression persists, it will not only cause a series of psychological and behavioral problems. And it will also affect the normal development of adulthood, so the factors leading to adolescent depression and its influence mechanism on depression have received a lot of attention. Previous studies found that the discrimination perception of rural left-behind children can significantly positively predict their depression; The relationship between discrimination perception and friendship quality is related, but the study of three variables at the same time is still lacking, and the mechanism of interaction between them is not clear. The relationship between friendship quality and depression was investigated. In this study, the psychological test, discrimination perception, friendship quality and depression scale were used to measure 629 children left behind in rural areas and 1074 children left behind by their fathers. The discrimination perception, friendship quality and depression characteristics of children with different left-behind categories were investigated, and the direct predictive effect of discrimination perception and friendship quality on depression of rural left-behind children was tested. This paper discusses the mediating effect of friendship quality on discrimination perception and child depression. The conclusions are as follows: 1. The main effect of left-behind category of rural left-behind children's discrimination perception is significant. That is to say, the discrimination perception of children left behind by parents is significantly higher than that of children left behind by their fathers. The main effect of individual discrimination perception is not significant, while that of group discrimination perception is significant. The gender main effect of discrimination perception was not significant. The dimensions of friendship quality trust and support, companionship and entertainment, positive value dimension were significant in the category of left-behind. The gender dominant effect, trust and support dimension, companionship and entertainment dimension, positive value dimension and intimate exposure and communication dimension of female students were significantly higher than that of boys in all dimensions of friendship quality. In the dimension of conflict and betrayal, male students were significantly higher than girls. The depression of rural children with parents going out was significantly lower than that of children left behind by their fathers. The individual discrimination perception and group discrimination perception of rural left-behind children could significantly positively predict their depression, that is, the higher the individual and group discrimination perception, the higher the depression. The higher the depressive level of children is, the more negative friendship quality can predict depression in children. 3. Friendship quality plays an intermediary role between individual discrimination perception and depression in rural left-behind children, and between group discrimination perception and depression in rural children. And there are differences in the category of left behind.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B844.1

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