义务教育师资配置的区域差异及空间格局演变研究--以上海市为例

发布时间：2018-04-24 07:51

本文选题：师资配置 + 区域差异　；参考：以上海市为例

【摘要】：教师资源的均衡配置是实现教育公平、提升教育质量的关键。本文基于2007年至2016年《上海统计年鉴》的相关数据,运用泰尔指数、重心模型和空间统计分析方法,对上海义务教育师资配置的区域差异及空间格局演变进行分析。研究发现,上海义务教育师资呈现明显的圈层结构分布特征,核心区师资最充足,边缘区次之,近郊区教师负担最重,远郊区略好于近郊区;全市义务教育师资配置的区域差异呈现波动中上升的趋势。从差异内容看,小学师资的区域差异大于初中师资的区域差异。从差异构成看,各区域内部的差异大于区域之间的差异,其中远郊区内部的差异是全市总体差异的主要来源,其他区域内部的差异都控制在较小范围内。中心城区内部的差异逐年减小,郊区内部的差异逐年增大;义务教育的师资重心逐渐从中心城区向郊区移动,但仍滞后于学龄人口的变动;义务教育师资配置在空间格局上表现为空间负相关关系,异质性较强,师资充足的地区与师资不足的地区相邻,其中师资优势显著的区域位于核心区,而远郊区的师资短缺集聚现象明显。小学阶段的负相关趋势逐渐增强,初中阶段的负相关趋势逐渐减弱。基于师资布局现状,今后应根据学龄人口规模合理配置师资,提升教师的职业吸引力以促进师资的补充,从区域内部着手实现师资的均衡发展。
[Abstract]:The balanced allocation of teachers' resources is the key to achieving educational fairness and improving the quality of education. Based on the relevant data of the Statistical Yearbook of Shanghai from 2007 to 2016, this paper analyzes the regional differences and the evolution of spatial pattern of compulsory education teachers in Shanghai by using Tyr index, barycenter model and spatial statistical analysis method. It is found that the distribution of compulsory education teachers in Shanghai is obvious, the core area is the most abundant, the marginal area is the second, the peri-suburban teachers are the most heavy, and the far suburbs are slightly better than the near suburbs. The regional differences in the allocation of compulsory education teachers in the whole city show an upward trend in fluctuation. The regional difference of primary school teachers is greater than that of junior middle school teachers. In terms of the composition of the differences, the differences within the regions are greater than those among the regions, and the differences within the far suburbs are the main source of the overall differences in the whole city, while the differences within the other regions are controlled in a relatively small range. The difference in the central city is decreasing year by year, the difference in the suburb is increasing year by year, the center of gravity of the compulsory education teachers gradually moves from the central city to the suburb, but still lags behind the change of the school-age population. The allocation of compulsory education teachers in spatial pattern shows a negative correlation in space, the heterogeneity is strong, the areas with sufficient teachers are adjacent to the areas with insufficient teachers, and the regions with significant teachers' advantages are located in the core area. The shortage of teachers in the far suburbs is obvious. The trend of negative correlation in primary school and junior middle school gradually increased. Based on the present situation of teachers' distribution, teachers should be rationally allocated according to the size of school-age population in the future, teachers' professional attraction should be enhanced to promote teachers' supplement, and the balanced development of teachers should be realized from within the region.
【作者单位】：华东师范大学公共管理学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金重点项目(14AGL017)的资助
【分类号】：G525.1

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