论中国教育研究的实证转向

发布时间：2018-06-18 00:42

本文选题：教育研究 + 实证研究　；参考：《四川师范大学学报(社会科学版)》2017年04期

【摘要】：中国教育研究正在发生实证转向,但也存在一些认识误区,如有人认为从"思辨"走向"实证"是一种二元对立的思维方式,会导致理论的退化。教育实证研究的兴起,是对中国当下规范研究、思辨性论述等主流研究路数的反动。在复杂的经验世界中,知识获取既需要理性证明,也需要经验检验。西方理论和概念的经验基础是西方本土的教育经验与事实,中国学者容易产生认知偏差和误用。规范研究表现出理念建构现实的特征,混淆了事实判断与价值判断的界限,也混淆了研究者的角色定位。学术调查与普通调查的区别,关键在于研究假设之有无。现代学术中知识的"系统"与"累积"背景下,问题意识是教育与社会科学的安身立命之所。实证研究的脉络中,对于研究结论(理论)与常识之间的关系有三种态度:"与常识决裂"、"道不远人"、"赋常识以理论"。常识与研究/研究结论的符应类型,可分为符合、不符合、部分符合部分不符合三种类型。实证研究有着严格的研究规程,其功用在于架起理论与经验之间的桥梁。
[Abstract]:China's educational research is undergoing an empirical turn, but there are also some misunderstandings. For example, some people think that the shift from "speculative" to "positivist" is a dualistic way of thinking, which will lead to the degradation of theory. The rise of the empirical study of education is a reaction to the mainstream research methods of China's current normative research, speculative discourse and so on. In the complex world of experience, knowledge acquisition needs both rational proof and empirical test. The empirical basis of western theories and concepts is the educational experience and facts in the West. Chinese scholars are prone to cognitive bias and misuse. Normative research shows the characteristics of conceptual construction reality, confuses the boundary between fact judgment and value judgment, and confuses the role orientation of researchers. The key to the difference between academic investigation and general investigation lies in the existence or absence of hypotheses. Under the background of "system" and "accumulation" of knowledge in modern learning, problem consciousness is a safe place for education and social science. In the context of empirical research, there are three attitudes to the relationship between the conclusion (theory) and common sense: "breaking with common sense", "not far from Tao", "theory of common sense". Common sense and research conclusions can be classified into three types: conformity, nonconformity, partial coincidence and partial nonconformity. Empirical research has strict research rules, and its function is to build a bridge between theory and experience.
【作者单位】：南京大学中华民国史研究中心江西分中心;江西省教育科学研究所;
【分类号】：G521

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