团体辅导提高大学生心理素质的影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-06-25 02:56

本文选题：团体辅导 + 大学生　；参考：《山西医科大学》2006年硕士论文

【摘要】： [目的]本次研究从我国大学新生存在的心理问题为出发点,以大学一年级学生为研究对象,通过开放性、结构性团体辅导的形式进行干预,研究团体辅导对提高大学生心理素质的影响因素,为提高大学生团体心理干预效果提供依据。 [方法]以山西医科大学一年级自愿选修心理学课程的学生435人作为研究对象,用一般情况问卷(自行设计)、艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、自我和谐量表(SCCS)作为测量工具,进行基线测量,在团体辅导后重复进行SAS和SDS的测量。采用均数和标准差进行各心理量表得分的描述,采用t检验、方差分析对各心理量表得分的影响因素进行分析。多元逐步回归被用来探索各量表得分改变的影响因素。 [结果]团体辅导前后焦虑和抑郁得分的差异均有统计学意义(t=5.082,P=0.000; t=3.375,P=0.001)。影响团体辅导效果的主要影响因素为:神经质(Beta =0.108)、想让自己更自信的愿望(Beta =0.102)、自信心(Beta =-0.098)和性别(Beta =-0.117)。神经质和想让自己更自信的愿望与辅导前、后焦虑得分呈正相关,自信心与辅导前、后抑郁得分呈负相关,即情绪越稳定,有想让自己更自信的愿望,自信心评分低,则焦虑和抑郁的改变就大,团体辅导的效果就越明显。 [结论](1)影响团体辅导的主要影响因素为:神经质、想让自己更自信、自信心和性别。(2)开放性团体辅导效果明显,值得进一步推广。(3)对今后团体辅导的几点建议:在改善抑郁和焦虑的方案设计中,应该将认识自我,了解自我,接纳自我作为重点;在团体辅导中对于不自信和情绪波动较大的学生应给予较多的关注和帮助。对于没有想让自己更自信的愿望的学生,应多与其沟通,帮助其树立提高自己心理素质的愿望;在团体辅导中应根据以上影响因素多设计一些相关活动,如音乐冥想可以用来平复情绪,共同完成一项任务可以学习与他人沟通、交往等;在团体辅导中适当增加理论分量,将有利于大学生的自我教育和自我调节能力的培养。
[Abstract]:[objective] based on the psychological problems of freshmen in China, this study took freshmen as the object of study, and intervened in the form of open and structured group counseling. To study the influence factors of group counseling on the improvement of college students' psychological quality, and to provide the basis for improving the effect of group psychological intervention of college students. [methods] 435 students from Shanxi Medical University who voluntarily took psychology course in their first year were selected as the subjects of the study. General situation questionnaire (self-designed), Eysenck Personality questionnaire (EPQ), Self-Rating anxiety scale (SAS), Self-Rating Depression scale (SDS) and Self-Harmony scale (SCCS) were used as measurement tools. SAS and SDS were measured repeatedly after group counseling. The mean and standard deviation were used to describe the scores of each psychological scale, and the t-test and variance analysis were used to analyze the influencing factors of the scores. Multiple stepwise regression was used to explore the influencing factors of the scores of each scale. [results] there were significant differences in the scores of anxiety and depression before and after group counseling (t = 5.082, P = 0.000; t = 3.375, P < 0.001). The main influencing factors of group counseling were: neuroticism (Beta 0.108), desire to be more confident (Beta 0.102), self-confidence (Beta + -0.098) and sex (Beta + -0.117). Neuroticism and the desire to make oneself more confident were positively correlated with the scores of post-anxiety before counseling, and negatively correlated with scores of post-depression before counseling. That is, the more stable the mood, the more confident one was, the lower the score of self-confidence. Anxiety and depression change greatly, the effect of group counseling is more obvious. [conclusion] (1) the main influencing factors of group counseling are neuroticism, self confidence and sex. (2) Open group counseling is effective. It is worth further popularizing. (3) some suggestions for group counseling in the future: in the design of the program to improve depression and anxiety, we should focus on self-awareness, self-understanding and self-acceptance; More attention and help should be given to students who are not confident and emotional fluctuation in group counseling. For students who do not want to make themselves more confident, they should communicate with them more, help them to set up the desire to improve their psychological quality, and design some related activities according to the above influencing factors in group counseling. For example, music meditation can be used to calm down emotion, to complete a task together can learn to communicate with others, and to increase the theoretical weight in group tutoring will be beneficial to the self-education and self-regulation ability of college students.
【学位授予单位】：山西医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：B844.2

【引证文献】