不同情境对幼儿情绪认知影响的研究
发布时间：2019-04-20 08:12
【摘要】： 本研究采用自行设计的两类故事情境,以天津师范大学幼儿园120名4～6岁幼儿为研究对象,将4～6岁幼儿分成3个年龄组,通过实验一和实验二分别考察不同年龄幼儿对简单情境和冲突情境的情绪认知能力的发展特点。实验均以情绪识别和情绪归因为指标,旨在研究不同情境对幼儿情绪认知的影响。结果表明: (1)无论在积极情境或消极情境中,三个年龄组幼儿的情绪识别能力和归因能力均随年龄增长而逐渐提高。特别是在消极情境中,4～5岁间差异显著,而5～6岁间则相对平缓。 (2)幼儿对高兴和难过两种情绪的识别具有显著差异,对以高兴为代表的积极情境的识别能力显著高于以难过为代表的消极情境;幼儿对两种不同情境具有不同的情绪归因方式,对积极故事情境中主人公的情绪归因方式以内部归因为主,对消极情境的情绪归因方式则以外部归因为主。 (3)幼儿对积极情境中情绪表达者和情绪接受者的情绪识别差异不显著;对消极情境中情绪表达者和情绪接受者的情绪识别差异显著,差异主要表现在4岁组幼儿,他们对情绪表达者的情绪识别能力显著高于接受者;在积极情境中,幼儿对情绪表达者的情绪产生原因认识更深刻,他们能够通过内部因素判断故事主人公的情绪状态,而对情绪接受者的情绪产生原因的判断主要依据外部因素;在消极情境中,幼儿对情绪表达者的情绪产生原因认识还有一定困难,更多的情绪归因判断主要依据外部因素,而对情绪接受者的情绪归因更困难,其中将近一半的幼儿不能对情绪接受者情绪产生的原因进行正确的解释。 (4)无论在以利他为结果或以利己为结果的冲突情境中,三个年龄组幼儿对故事主人公的情绪识别能力均随年龄增长而逐渐提高,4～5岁间差异显著,而5～6岁之间则相对平缓;4岁组幼儿对冲突情境的情绪归因方式主要以结果定向为主,5岁和6岁组幼儿进行情绪归因时逐渐考虑道德因素,情绪归因方式向“道德定向”发展。 (5)幼儿对两种类型的冲突情境的情绪识别具有显著差异,幼儿对以利他为结果的冲突情境的情绪识别能力显著高于以利己为结果的冲突情境;幼儿对不同类型冲突情境的情绪归因方式具有显著差异,幼儿倾向于对以利他为结果的情境进行道德定向归因,对以利己为结果的冲突情境倾向于结果定向归因。
[Abstract]:In this study, 120 4-6-year-old children in kindergarten of Tianjin normal University were divided into three age groups by using two kinds of story situations designed by themselves. The developmental characteristics of emotional cognitive ability of children of different ages to simple situation and conflict situation were investigated by experiment one and experiment two, respectively. The purpose of the experiment was to study the effects of different situations on children's emotional cognition by means of emotional recognition and emotional attribution. The results showed that: (1) in both positive and negative situations, the emotional recognition ability and attribution ability of children in three age groups increased gradually with the increase of age. Especially in the negative situation, the difference between 4 and 5 years old was significant, while that between 5 and 6 years old was relatively mild. (2) there were significant differences in the recognition of happy and sad emotions, and the ability to identify positive situations represented by happiness was significantly higher than that of negative situations represented by sadness; Children have different ways of emotional attribution to two different situations. The emotional attribution mode of the protagonist in the positive story situation is mainly internal attribution, while the emotional attribution mode of negative situation is mainly external attribution. (3) there was no significant difference in emotion recognition between emotional expression and emotion recipient in positive situation. There was a significant difference in emotion recognition between emotional expression and emotion recipient in negative situation. The difference was mainly expressed in 4-year-old children, and their ability of emotion recognition was significantly higher than that of acceptor in 4-year-old group. In the positive situation, children have a deeper understanding of the emotional causes of emotional expressions.They can judge the emotional state of the protagonists by internal factors, while the emotional reasons of emotional recipients are mainly based on external factors. In the negative situation, it is difficult for young children to understand the emotional causes of emotional expression. More emotional attribution judgment is mainly based on external factors, but the emotional attribution of emotional recipients is more difficult. Nearly half of these children fail to properly explain the causes of emotion among emotional recipients. (4) in the conflict situations of altruism or egoism, the emotional recognition ability of children of three age groups to the protagonist of the story was gradually improved with the increase of age, and there was a significant difference between 4 and 5 years of age. But between 5 years old and 6 years old, they were relatively smooth; The emotional attribution of 4-year-old children to the conflict situation was mainly result-oriented. The emotional attribution of 5-year-old and 6-year-old children gradually considered the moral factor, and the emotional attribution developed to "moral orientation" in the 5-year-old and 6-year-old children. (5) there are significant differences in emotion recognition between the two types of conflict situations, and the emotion recognition ability of children to the conflict situations with the result of altruism is significantly higher than that with the result of self-interest. There are significant differences in children's emotional attribution to different types of conflict situations. Children tend to moral attribution of altruistic situations and self-interested situations tend to result in results-oriented attribution.
【学位授予单位】：天津师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：G444;B844.2
本文编号：2461441
[Abstract]:In this study, 120 4-6-year-old children in kindergarten of Tianjin normal University were divided into three age groups by using two kinds of story situations designed by themselves. The developmental characteristics of emotional cognitive ability of children of different ages to simple situation and conflict situation were investigated by experiment one and experiment two, respectively. The purpose of the experiment was to study the effects of different situations on children's emotional cognition by means of emotional recognition and emotional attribution. The results showed that: (1) in both positive and negative situations, the emotional recognition ability and attribution ability of children in three age groups increased gradually with the increase of age. Especially in the negative situation, the difference between 4 and 5 years old was significant, while that between 5 and 6 years old was relatively mild. (2) there were significant differences in the recognition of happy and sad emotions, and the ability to identify positive situations represented by happiness was significantly higher than that of negative situations represented by sadness; Children have different ways of emotional attribution to two different situations. The emotional attribution mode of the protagonist in the positive story situation is mainly internal attribution, while the emotional attribution mode of negative situation is mainly external attribution. (3) there was no significant difference in emotion recognition between emotional expression and emotion recipient in positive situation. There was a significant difference in emotion recognition between emotional expression and emotion recipient in negative situation. The difference was mainly expressed in 4-year-old children, and their ability of emotion recognition was significantly higher than that of acceptor in 4-year-old group. In the positive situation, children have a deeper understanding of the emotional causes of emotional expressions.They can judge the emotional state of the protagonists by internal factors, while the emotional reasons of emotional recipients are mainly based on external factors. In the negative situation, it is difficult for young children to understand the emotional causes of emotional expression. More emotional attribution judgment is mainly based on external factors, but the emotional attribution of emotional recipients is more difficult. Nearly half of these children fail to properly explain the causes of emotion among emotional recipients. (4) in the conflict situations of altruism or egoism, the emotional recognition ability of children of three age groups to the protagonist of the story was gradually improved with the increase of age, and there was a significant difference between 4 and 5 years of age. But between 5 years old and 6 years old, they were relatively smooth; The emotional attribution of 4-year-old children to the conflict situation was mainly result-oriented. The emotional attribution of 5-year-old and 6-year-old children gradually considered the moral factor, and the emotional attribution developed to "moral orientation" in the 5-year-old and 6-year-old children. (5) there are significant differences in emotion recognition between the two types of conflict situations, and the emotion recognition ability of children to the conflict situations with the result of altruism is significantly higher than that with the result of self-interest. There are significant differences in children's emotional attribution to different types of conflict situations. Children tend to moral attribution of altruistic situations and self-interested situations tend to result in results-oriented attribution.
【学位授予单位】：天津师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：G444;B844.2
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 王少华;留守儿童的心理弹性对自尊、情绪加工偏向的影响研究[D];广州大学;2012年
，本文编号：2461441
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